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Light-responsive iron(III)-polysaccharide coordination hydrogels for controlled delivery.

Giuseppe E Giammanco1, Christopher T Sosnofsky, Alexis D Ostrowski

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Visible-light responsive gels made from plant-based polyuronic acids (PUAs) and iron show tunable photoreactivity. Alginate-based gels offer faster controlled release of diverse molecules compared to pectate gels.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Photochemistry

Background:

  • Visible-light responsive hydrogels offer potential for controlled release applications.
  • Plant-origin polyuronic acids (PUAs) like alginate and pectate are biocompatible materials.
  • Metal-ion coordination can create novel hydrogel properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the visible-light responsiveness of alginate and pectate hydrogels coordinated with Fe(III) ions.
  • To compare the photochemistry and cargo release profiles of Fe-alginate and Fe-pectate hydrogels.
  • To establish structure-function relationships for designing tunable polysaccharide-based materials.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of visible-light responsive gels from alginate and pectate coordinated to Fe(III) ions.
  • Quantitative photochemical studies to assess photoreactivity.
  • Characterization of gel microstructure and morphology.
  • Encapsulation and controlled release studies using Congo Red, folic acid, and chloramphenicol.

Main Results:

  • Mannuronic-rich alginates exhibited higher photoreactivity than guluronic acid-rich alginates and pectate.
  • Polysaccharide composition influenced alginate microstructure, gel morphology, and photoreactivity.
  • Fe-alginate and Fe-pectate hydrogel beads demonstrated stability as carriers for diverse molecules.
  • Hydrogel bead photoreactivity correlated with polysaccharide solution photoreactivity, with alginate beads showing faster cargo release.

Conclusions:

  • Visible-light responsive hydrogel properties are tunable based on PUA type and composition.
  • Alginate-based hydrogels offer advantages for faster controlled release applications.
  • These findings provide guidelines for designing biocompatible, photoreactive polysaccharide materials for drug delivery and other applications.