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Updated: Apr 18, 2026
Refined Murine Model of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Published on: June 17, 2025
Association between idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and coronary artery disease: a case-control study and cohort
Won-Young Kim1, Yejin Mok, Go Woon Kim
1Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. steve8126@hanmail.net.
Insights
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients have a higher risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). This study found IPF is an independent risk factor for CAD, even after accounting for other common risk factors.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Pulmonology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD).
- Limited data exists on specific CAD risk factors in IPF patients.
- This study aimed to investigate CAD prevalence and risk factors in IPF.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
- To identify and analyze risk factors associated with CAD in the IPF population.
- To compare CAD incidence in IPF patients versus a control group.
Main Methods:
- A cohort study comparing 460 IPF patients with 1,925 matched controls.
- Data collected included cardiovascular risk factors and CAD prevalence.
- Follow-up analysis assessed the incidence of newly diagnosed CAD in both groups.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of CAD was 7% in IPF patients, double that of controls (3%).
- IPF patients had higher rates of diabetes, while controls had more hypertension and hypercholesterolemia.
- Multivariate analysis identified age, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and IPF as significant CAD risk factors. Newly diagnosed CAD incidence was higher in IPF patients during follow-up (6.8% vs. 2.8%).
Conclusions:
- Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD).
- This association remains significant after adjusting for age, hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia.
- Findings highlight the importance of considering cardiovascular health in IPF management.
Background:
Although the increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in the patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has been reported, there was few detailed information on the risk factors for CAD in IPF. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of CAD in IPF with analysis of other risk factors.
Methods:
The subjects were 460 patients (mean age, 65 years; 79% male; 74% current or ex-smoker) diagnosed as IPF at Asan Medical Center and 1,925 controls matched with age, gender, smoking habits, and date of IPF diagnosis from the cohort of Korean Heart Study. Cardiovascular risk factors and prevalence of CAD in both groups were compared and the incidence of newly developed CAD during follow-up was also analyzed.
Results:
IPF group was more diabetic, and control group had a higher proportion of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. The prevalence of CAD in IPF group (7%) was two times higher than that of control group (3%). Multivariate analysis revealed that age (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02-1.07), hypertension (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.36-3.33), hypercholesterolemia (OR, 3.85; 95% CI, 2.51-5.88), and IPF (OR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.68-4.14) were significant risk factors for CAD. During follow-up (median: 2.5 years for IPF and 4.4 years for controls), the incidence of newly diagnosed CAD was higher in the patients with IPF (6.8%) compared to controls (2.8%) (RR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.08-3.43).
Conclusions:
IPF itself was an independent risk factor for CAD after the adjustment of age, hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia.
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