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Relationship between meteorological conditions and respiratory syncytial virus in a tropical country

C E Rodriguez-Martinez1, M P Sossa-Briceño2, R Acuña-Cordero3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics,School of Medicine,Universidad Nacional de Colombia.

Epidemiology and Infection
|January 17, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Higher average temperatures and increased rainfall are linked to more respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in children hospitalized with acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) in Bogota. These findings highlight key meteorological factors influencing RSV outbreaks.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Climatology

Background:

  • Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) in young children globally.
  • Understanding environmental factors influencing RSV transmission is crucial for public health interventions, especially in tropical urban settings.
  • Bogota, Colombia, experiences distinct climatic variations that may impact the incidence of pediatric respiratory illnesses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify specific meteorological conditions associated with RSV infections in hospitalized children in Bogota.
  • To analyze the correlation between monthly climate variations and the number of RSV cases.
  • To provide data for localized RSV outbreak prediction and prevention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • An analytical cross-sectional study design was employed.
  • Data on monthly RSV infections and meteorological variables (temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed, solar radiation) were collected from January 2010 to April 2011.
  • Multivariate analysis was used to determine independent associations between meteorological factors and RSV infections in children under 3 years old.

Main Results:

  • A total of 1548 children were included, with 77.1% diagnosed with RSV during March-May.
  • Monthly average temperature (IRR 3.14, P=0.001) and rainfall (IRR 1.008, P=0.048) were independently associated with the number of RSV infections.
  • These associations remained significant after controlling for wind speed, relative humidity, and solar radiation.

Conclusions:

  • Average temperature and rainfall are the primary meteorological drivers associated with RSV isolation in Bogota.
  • Findings suggest that climate monitoring can aid in predicting RSV surges in this tropical urban environment.
  • This research contributes to understanding the environmental epidemiology of RSV in Latin American cities.

Keywords:
Childrenclimatic factorsepidemicrespiratory syncytial virus

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