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Related Experiment Videos

Intrapituitary cell-cell communication regulates ACTH secretion.

J Schwartz1, B Canny, W W Vale

  • 1Medical Research Centre, Prince Henry's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.

Neuroendocrinology
|December 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals a novel intrapituitary signaling system. Remaining pituitary cells increase ACTH secretion after targeting CRF-cells, suggesting cell-to-cell communication modulates hormone release.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cell Biology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • The anterior pituitary gland secretes adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in response to corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF).
  • The precise mechanisms regulating ACTH secretion within the pituitary are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the existence of an intrapituitary cell-to-cell signaling system that modulates ACTH secretion.
  • To determine if surviving pituitary cells can compensate for the loss of CRF-target cells.

Main Methods:

  • Rat anterior pituitary cells in culture were exposed to a cytotoxin targeting CRF-secreting cells.
  • CRF-target-depleted cell populations were co-cultured with unexposed pituitary cells.
  • Basal and stimulated ACTH secretion levels were measured.

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Main Results:

  • Three days after cytotoxin exposure, remaining pituitary cells exhibited increased basal ACTH secretion.
  • Co-culture of depleted and unexposed cells resulted in ACTH secretion more than double that expected without cell interaction.
  • These findings indicate a compensatory signaling mechanism within the pituitary.

Conclusions:

  • The data provide strong evidence for an intrapituitary cell-to-cell signaling system.
  • This system actively modulates ACTH secretion in response to changes in cell population.
  • The pituitary gland possesses intrinsic regulatory mechanisms beyond direct hypothalamic control.