Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Transgenic Plants02:50

Transgenic Plants

9.3K
Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
9.3K
Bacterial Transformation01:33

Bacterial Transformation

64.0K
In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
64.0K
Plasmids01:28

Plasmids

4.1K
Plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA molecules found in bacteria, archaea, and some eukaryotic microbes like yeast. These small, circular DNA structures typically contain fewer than 30 genes, although some may exist linearly. Plasmids vary in their number within a cell, known as copy number. Single-copy plasmids are present in one copy per cell and multi-copy plasmids are present in multiple copies, reaching over 100 copies per cell.Plasmids usually replicate independently of the chromosomal DNA...
4.1K
Conjugation01:19

Conjugation

3.0K
Conjugation is a form of horizontal gene transfer that primarily occurs in bacteria and some archaea, promoting genetic diversity and adaptation. Bacteria can acquire resistance genes through conjugative plasmids, allowing them to survive antibiotic treatments that would otherwise be lethal. This process involves direct contact between cells through specialized structures such as the sex pilus and is mediated by conjugative plasmids, including the F (fertility) factor.Conjugation requires...
3.0K
Bacterial Phylum Tenericutes01:24

Bacterial Phylum Tenericutes

618
The phylum Tenericutes, which includes the single class Mollicutes, comprises bacteria that lack cell walls. The term "Mollicutes" derives from the Latin word mollis, meaning "soft." These organisms are among the smallest known and are commonly referred to as mycoplasmas due to the prominence of the genus Mycoplasma, which includes well-known human pathogens. Despite their inability to stain gram-positively (a result of their lack of cell walls), mycoplasmas are phylogenetically related to the...
618
Mechanism of Conjugation01:19

Mechanism of Conjugation

1.6K
Bacterial conjugation is a mechanism of horizontal gene transfer that enables the exchange of genetic material between bacterial cells through direct contact. This process is facilitated by a donor cell carrying a conjugative plasmid, which encodes genes necessary for pilus formation, DNA replication, and transfer. The conjugative plasmid plays a central role in initiating and executing the transfer of genetic material.The tra region of the conjugative plasmid encodes proteins responsible for...
1.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Type IV secretion systems: reconciling diversity through a unified nomenclature.

FEMS microbiology reviews·2025
Same author

Conformational transitions enabling interkingdom transfer of effector multitudes.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025
Same author

Conjugative delivery of toxin genes <i>ccdB</i> and <i>kil</i> confers synergistic killing of bacterial recipients.

Journal of bacteriology·2025
Same author

Conjugative transfer of the IncN plasmid pKM101 is mediated by dynamic interactions between the TraK accessory factor and TraI relaxase.

FEBS letters·2024
Same author

The F plasmid conjutome: the repertoire of <i>E. coli</i> proteins translocated through an F-encoded type IV secretion system.

mSphere·2024
Same author

Chimeric systems composed of swapped Tra subunits between distantly-related F plasmids reveal striking plasticity among type IV secretion machines.

PLoS genetics·2024
Same journal

Structures of the endophytic microbiota during heart rot development in <i>Abies georgei</i> var. <i>smithii</i>.

Microbiology spectrum·2026
Same journal

High <i>Yersinia</i> prevalence in tonsils of wild boars hunted in Northeast Germany using a novel protocol including long cold enrichment.

Microbiology spectrum·2026
Same journal

Genetic variation, recombinant characteristics, and seroprevalence analysis of echovirus 3 causing severe and mild cases of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Guizhou Province.

Microbiology spectrum·2026
Same journal

Mycelial morphology influenced aerobic DNRA in <i>Streptomyces mediolani</i> EM-B2: short rod-shaped mycelium showed markedly greater efficiency than long filamentous mycelium.

Microbiology spectrum·2026
Same journal

Performance and practicality of 16S nanopore sequencing for routine bacterial identification in clinical samples.

Microbiology spectrum·2026
Same journal

Molecular characterization and correlation with β-lactam resistance of penicillin-binding protein2x, 2b, and 1a of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> in clinical pneumococcal isolates.

Microbiology spectrum·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Agrobacterium rhizogenes-Mediated Transformation of Potato and the Promoter Activity of a Suberin Gene by GUS Staining
08:31

Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Agrobacterium rhizogenes-Mediated Transformation of Potato and the Promoter Activity of a Suberin Gene by GUS Staining

Published on: March 29, 2019

31.1K

The Agrobacterium Ti Plasmids.

Jay E Gordon1, Peter J Christie1

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX 77005.

Microbiology Spectrum
|January 17, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens utilizes tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmids to transfer oncogenic DNA, causing plant tumors. These large plasmids, representative of the repABC family, are key to its genetic engineering applications in biotechnology and potential therapeutics.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Optimized Transformation Protocol for Chlorella vulgaris Using Agrobacterium tumefaciens
08:00

Author Spotlight: Optimized Transformation Protocol for Chlorella vulgaris Using Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Published on: October 27, 2023

5.3K
Generating Transgenic Plants with Single-copy Insertions Using BIBAC-GW Binary Vector
12:08

Generating Transgenic Plants with Single-copy Insertions Using BIBAC-GW Binary Vector

Published on: March 28, 2018

13.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Agrobacterium rhizogenes-Mediated Transformation of Potato and the Promoter Activity of a Suberin Gene by GUS Staining
08:31

Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Agrobacterium rhizogenes-Mediated Transformation of Potato and the Promoter Activity of a Suberin Gene by GUS Staining

Published on: March 29, 2019

31.1K
Author Spotlight: Optimized Transformation Protocol for Chlorella vulgaris Using Agrobacterium tumefaciens
08:00

Author Spotlight: Optimized Transformation Protocol for Chlorella vulgaris Using Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Published on: October 27, 2023

5.3K
Generating Transgenic Plants with Single-copy Insertions Using BIBAC-GW Binary Vector
12:08

Generating Transgenic Plants with Single-copy Insertions Using BIBAC-GW Binary Vector

Published on: March 28, 2018

13.4K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Plant Pathology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a plant pathogen that transfers oncogenic DNA via tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmids.
  • Alphaproteobacteria, including A. tumefaciens, commonly harbor large plasmids (100 kb to 2 Mb) essential for various functions.
  • Many large plasmids rely on the repABC gene cassette for replication and maintenance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the features of Ti plasmids as representatives of the repABC family of megaplasmids.
  • To describe novel plasmid features enabling tumor formation, signal molecule response, and dissemination.
  • To explore Ti plasmid applications in plant biotechnology and potential therapeutic uses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Ti plasmids.
  • Analysis of Ti plasmid features related to replication, partitioning, and maintenance.
  • Examination of Ti plasmid's role in pathogenesis and biotechnological applications.

Main Results:

  • Ti plasmids are large replicons (~200 kb) crucial for A. tumefaciens pathogenicity.
  • These plasmids possess unique features for plant genetic transformation and host interaction.
  • Ti plasmids are instrumental in plant biotechnology and hold therapeutic potential.

Conclusions:

  • Ti plasmids exemplify the repABC family of megaplasmids, showcasing essential functions for bacterial physiology and pathogenesis.
  • The ability of Ti plasmids to transfer genetic material has been harnessed for plant biotechnology.
  • Further research into Ti plasmids may unlock new therapeutic applications for various species.