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Risk factors for otitis media effusion in children who have adenoid hypertrophia
Sultan Şevik Eliçora1, Murat Öztürk2, Rukiye Sevinç2
1Otorhinolaryngology Department, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak, Turkey.
Insights
Male sex, congenital diseases, and school attendance are key risk factors for chronic otitis media with effusion (COME) in children with adenoid hypertrophy (AH). These factors help identify children at higher risk for developing COME alongside AH.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Otolaryngology
- Child Health Research
- Epidemiology of Ear Infections
Background:
- Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is frequently associated with chronic otitis media with effusion (COME) in children.
- However, the specific risk factors contributing to COME development in children with AH are not fully understood.
- Identifying these factors is crucial for targeted interventions and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate socio-demographic risk factors associated with the development of COME in pediatric patients undergoing surgery for AH.
- To differentiate risk factors for AH alone versus AH with COME (AH+COME).
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 170 pediatric patients who underwent adenoidectomy was analyzed.
- Patients were categorized into two groups: AH alone and AH+COME.
- Key socio-demographic factors including age, gender, feeding history, environmental exposures, allergies, congenital diseases, and school attendance were compared.
Main Results:
- While 68% of the AH alone group were male, 72% of the AH+COME group were male.
- No significant differences were found in breast/bottle feeding, familial history, tobacco exposure, or allergies between groups.
- Male sex, presence of congenital diseases, and school attendance emerged as significant risk factors for COME in children with AH.
Conclusions:
- Chronic otitis media with effusion (COME) frequently occurs in young children with adenoid hypertrophy (AH).
- Male gender, co-existing congenital diseases, and school attendance are statistically significant predictors for COME development in this pediatric population.
- These findings aid in identifying children with AH who are at increased risk for developing COME.
Objective:
Many studies have shown that children with adenoid hypertrophy (AH) are more likely to have chronic otitis media with effusion (COME). However, not every child with AH has COME. In this study, we investigated the socio-demographic risk factors of children who underwent surgery for AH, including a subgroup with COME. Our aim was to identify the factors involved in the development of COME.
Methods:
The study population consisted of 170 pediatric patients (118 males, 52 females) who underwent adenoidectomy between 2005 and 2008. The patients were divided into two groups, those with AH alone and those with AH and COME (AH+COME). Major factors such as age, gender, breast-milk feeding, bottle-feeding, tobacco smoke exposure, familial predisposition, allergies, congenital diseases, and school attendance were compared between the two groups.
Results:
AH alone was detected in 102 of the patients, 68% of whom were male, and AH+COME in the remaining 68, of whom 72% were male. The mean age was 6.5 years in the AH group and 5.3 years in the AH+COME group. There were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to breast-feeding, bottle-feeding, familial predisposition, tobacco exposure, and allergies. However, the relationships between COME and male sex, congenital diseases, and school attendance were significant.
Conclusions:
COME is seen in young children with AH. Among the socio-demographic features examined in this study, only male sex, congenital diseases, and school attendance were statistically significant risk factors for COME development.
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