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Related Experiment Videos

Avian infectious bronchitis: cross-protection studies using different Australian subtypes.

L B Endo-Munoz1, J T Faragher

  • 1National Biological Standards Laboratory, Parkville, Victoria.

Australian Veterinary Journal
|November 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

This study assessed cross-immunity in chickens vaccinated against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Results indicate that while cross-protection occurred, it varied between vaccine strains, and antibody levels did not reliably predict protection.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Immunology
  • Poultry Health

Background:

  • Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) is a significant respiratory pathogen in poultry.
  • Understanding cross-immunity between IBV strains is crucial for effective vaccination strategies.
  • Current vaccines (Vac 3, Vac 4) and field strains (Q1/76, N2/62) were evaluated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the cross-protective immunity in chickens vaccinated with different IBV strains.
  • To evaluate the correlation between humoral antibody responses and protection against IBV challenge.
  • To compare the efficacy of current vaccine strains versus field strains in conferring cross-immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Chickens were vaccinated with four distinct IBV strains: Vac 3, Vac 4, Q1/76, and N2/62.

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  • Vaccinated chickens were subsequently challenged with IBV N1/62 (T0) and IBV N9/74 (Appin).
  • Humoral antibody responses and ciliary activity in tracheal rings were measured to assess protection.

    • Main Results:

    • A lack of correlation was observed between humoral antibody levels and the degree of protection.
    • Cross-immunity was demonstrated following vaccination with each tested IBV subtype.
    • Vaccination with Q1/76 and N2/62 conferred higher levels of cross-immunity compared to Vac 3 and Vac 4.

    Conclusions:

    • Humoral antibody titers are not a reliable indicator of protection against IBV challenge.
    • The efficacy of cross-immunity varies significantly among different IBV vaccine and field strains.
    • Field strains Q1/76 and N2/62 appear to induce broader cross-protection than current vaccine strains Vac 3 and Vac 4.