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Age-related changes in physical functioning: correlates between objective and self-reported outcomes.

Lisa Alcock1, Thomas D O'Brien2, Natalie Vanicek3

  • 1Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK; Department for Sport, Health and Exercise Science, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study quantifies age-related declines in physical function for older women, finding significant annual decreases in strength and mobility. Walking speed and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test results best indicate overall physical capacity.

Keywords:
Functional performanceHealthy ageingObjective and self-reported outcomesPhysical capacity

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Human Physiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Aging is associated with progressive declines in physical function.
  • Understanding age-related changes in physical capacity is crucial for maintaining independence and quality of life in older adults.
  • Objective and self-reported measures offer different perspectives on functional status.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify age-related variance and estimate annual decline in physical function and self-reported health in healthy older females.
  • To compare objective functional measures with self-reported health status.
  • To identify key indicators of overall physical capacity in aging women.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of 39 community-dwelling women aged 60-83 years.
  • Utilized a battery of objective measures including gait speed, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, sit-to-stand, and knee flexor/extensor moments.
  • Employed the SF-36 survey for self-reported health status.

Main Results:

  • Estimated annual declines: TUG time (2.1%), gait speed (1.2%), knee extensors (2.2%), knee flexors (3.0%), and self-reported Physical Functioning (0.9-1.2%).
  • Age explained moderate variance in both objective (R(2)=21-34%) and self-reported (R(2)=14-28%) outcomes.
  • TUG time and gait speed showed strong correlations with most objective and self-reported functional measures.

Conclusions:

  • Precise estimation of age-related functional deterioration was achieved across objective and self-reported outcomes.
  • Greater strength loss in knee flexors versus extensors has implications for functional tasks and joint stability.
  • Walking speed and TUG time are robust global indicators of physical capacity in older women.