Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Color Vision

Color Vision

Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Using Importance Sampling to Estimate $p$-values in All-Subset Meta-Analysis, with Applications to Single-Cell eQTL Mapping.

ArXiv·2026

Same author

Unveiling Spin and Poynting Dual Textures of an Optical Skyrmionic Tube in Free Space.

Physical review letters·2026

Same author

Multi-adaptive super-resolving pupil filter for sub-diffraction limited focusing and imaging.

Optics express·2026

Same author

A parsimonious preoperative prediction model for postoperative sepsis following upper urinary tract calculi surgery.

Urolithiasis·2026

Same author

Large-scale association study identifies lung cancer susceptibility copy number variants and their potential functional role in genetic instability.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026

Same author

CN-RNN: a Deep Learning Framework for Copy Number Variation Detection with Exome Sequencing Data.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same journal

Publisher Correction: Chemical efflux imaging using an annular nanosensor array for in situ bladder cancer detection.

Nature nanotechnology·2026

Same journal

Charged grain boundaries limit short-circuit endurance in garnet solid-state battery electrolytes.

Nature nanotechnology·2026

Same journal

A non-viral path to efficient and safe prime editing in vivo.

Nature nanotechnology·2026

Same journal

Spectral visualization of excitonic pair breaking at individual impurities in Ta<sub>2</sub>Pd<sub>3</sub>Te<sub>5</sub>.

Nature nanotechnology·2026

Same journal

Clocked stepping of an artificial protein walker along a DNA track.

Nature nanotechnology·2026

Same journal

Stepping ahead toward custom-designed autonomous motor proteins.

Nature nanotechnology·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 18, 2026

High-Accuracy Correction of 3D Chromatic Shifts in the Age of Super-Resolution Biological Imaging Using Chromagnon

High-Accuracy Correction of 3D Chromatic Shifts in the Age of Super-Resolution Biological Imaging Using Chromagnon

Published on: June 16, 2020

Temporal full-colour tuning through non-steady-state upconversion.

Renren Deng¹, Fei Qin², Runfeng Chen³

¹Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543.

Nature Nanotechnology

|January 20, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed core-shell upconversion nanocrystals for full-colour displays. Adjusting infrared laser pulse width dynamically tunes emission colours, enabling advanced display technologies.

More Related Videos

Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo

Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo

Published on: March 19, 2016

Multicolor Time-lapse Imaging of Transgenic Zebrafish: Visualizing Retinal Stem Cells Activated by Targeted Neuronal Cell Ablation

Multicolor Time-lapse Imaging of Transgenic Zebrafish: Visualizing Retinal Stem Cells Activated by Targeted Neuronal Cell Ablation

Published on: September 20, 2010

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 18, 2026

High-Accuracy Correction of 3D Chromatic Shifts in the Age of Super-Resolution Biological Imaging Using Chromagnon

High-Accuracy Correction of 3D Chromatic Shifts in the Age of Super-Resolution Biological Imaging Using Chromagnon

Published on: June 16, 2020

Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo

Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo

Published on: March 19, 2016

Multicolor Time-lapse Imaging of Transgenic Zebrafish: Visualizing Retinal Stem Cells Activated by Targeted Neuronal Cell Ablation

Multicolor Time-lapse Imaging of Transgenic Zebrafish: Visualizing Retinal Stem Cells Activated by Targeted Neuronal Cell Ablation

Published on: September 20, 2010

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Optics
Nanotechnology

Background:

Tunable emission colours are crucial for advanced colour display technologies.
Controlling emission colour gamut in fixed-composition materials is challenging.
Upconversion nanocrystals offer potential for novel display applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate a versatile method for dynamically tuning emission colours across the full visible spectrum.
To investigate the mechanism behind colour tunability in core-shell upconversion nanocrystals.
To explore the potential for creating 3D full-colour display systems.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of a new class of core-shell upconversion nanocrystals.
Utilizing infrared laser beams with adjustable pulse widths to excite nanocrystals.
Conducting mechanistic investigations into the upconversion process.

Main Results:

Achieved dynamic, full-colour emission tuning by varying infrared laser pulse width.
Identified a non-steady-state upconversion process as the governing mechanism for colour tunability.
Demonstrated the potential for precise control over light emission properties.

Conclusions:

Developed a novel approach for dynamic colour tuning in upconversion nanocrystals.
Gained insights into controlling energy transfer in out-of-equilibrium optical processes.
Paved the way for high-resolution, 3D full-colour display systems with locally addressable colour gamut.