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Impulsivity in borderline personality disorder.

V Barker1, L Romaniuk1, R N Cardinal2

  • 1Division of Psychiatry,Centre for Brain Sciences,School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital,Morningside Park,Edinburgh EH10 5HF,UK.

Psychological Medicine
|January 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) exhibit heightened choice impulsivity, demonstrated by a preference for immediate rewards over larger, delayed ones. Motor impulsivity, however, did not differ significantly between BPD patients and healthy controls.

Keywords:
Borderline personality disorderchoice impulsivityimpulsivitymotor impulsivity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Impulsivity is a key characteristic of borderline personality disorder (BPD).
  • Current impulsivity measures for BPD primarily rely on self-report scales.
  • Objective, valid, and reliable measures for impulsivity in BPD are needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate objective measures of choice and motor impulsivity in individuals with BPD compared to healthy controls.
  • To examine performance on delay and probabilistic discounting tasks and the stop-signal task (SST).

Main Methods:

  • 20 participants with BPD and 21 healthy controls completed delay discounting, probabilistic discounting, and SST.
  • The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) was administered for self-reported impulsivity.

Main Results:

  • BPD group exhibited significantly greater delay and probabilistic discounting, preferring immediate/certain rewards.
  • Childhood trauma correlated with reward probability discounting in the BPD group.
  • No significant differences in motor impulsivity (SST) or self-reported impulsivity (BIS) were found between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Choice impulsivity, specifically reward-related decision-making, is significantly impaired in BPD.
  • Motor impulsivity does not appear to be a core feature distinguishing BPD from controls.
  • Objective tasks reveal distinct patterns of impulsivity in BPD not captured by self-report measures.