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Prehypertension: What is the Current Status?

Yc Chia1

  • 1MBBS (Mal), FRCP (Eng), FAFPM (Hon), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Malaysian Family Physician : the Official Journal of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia
|January 22, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Prehypertension signifies elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, often coexisting with other risk factors. Lifestyle changes are recommended to manage prehypertension and reduce CVD risk until further treatment evidence emerges.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is continuous across blood pressure (BP) levels.
  • Prehypertension, BP between optimal and hypertension, is linked to increased CVD risk.
  • Prehypertension is highly prevalent and frequently associated with dyslipidemia, dysglycemia, and obesity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To manage prehypertension by lowering BP.
  • To prevent the progression from prehypertension to hypertension.
  • To prevent BP-related CVD mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Recognizing prehypertension as a significant CVD risk factor.
  • Observing associations between prehypertension and other CVD risk factors.
  • Considering lifestyle modifications as a primary management strategy.

Main Results:

  • Eighty-five percent of individuals with prehypertension have at least one additional CVD risk factor.
  • A recent study indicated angiotensin receptor blockers may reduce hypertension development from prehypertension.
  • The impact of prehypertension treatment on CVD outcomes remains largely unknown, except in high-risk groups.

Conclusions:

  • Lifestyle changes are a sensible and cost-effective approach to manage prehypertension.
  • Lowering BP through lifestyle modifications can reduce overall CVD risk.
  • Further research is needed on treatment modalities for prehypertension and their impact on CVD outcomes.

Keywords:
Prehypertensioncardiovascular disease riskhypertensionoptimal blood pressuretreatment

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