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Published on: September 3, 2014

Cell Volume Fluctuations in MDCK Monolayers.

Steven M Zehnder¹, Melanie Suaris², Madisonclaire M Bellaire³

¹Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.

Biophysical Journal

|January 22, 2015

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Cellular density fluctuations are key to collective cell migration. Cell volume oscillates, and density changes defy statistical norms, revealing nonequilibrium forces in active matter.

Area of Science:

Active matter physics
Cellular dynamics
Biophysics

Background:

Collective cell migration is crucial in tissue development and disease.
Cellular fluctuations are observed but their impact on migration is unclear.
Active matter principles are increasingly applied to biological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of density fluctuations in collective cell migration.
To analyze fluctuations at both single-cell and multicellular levels.
To understand the driving forces behind these dynamic changes.

Main Methods:

Quantitative analysis of cell area and number density in cell monolayers.
Time-lapse microscopy to track cellular movements and volume changes.

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Statistical analysis of density fluctuations, including testing the central limit theorem.

Main Results:

Single-cell volumes oscillate with a 4-hour period and 20% amplitude, influenced by cytoskeletal activity.
Density fluctuations at the multicellular scale deviate from predictions of the central limit theorem.
Nonequilibrium driving forces significantly impact multicellular density fluctuations.

Conclusions:

Density fluctuations are integral to collective cell migration dynamics.
Cytoskeletal activity modulates single-cell volume oscillations.
Multicellular density fluctuations are governed by nonequilibrium processes, not simple statistical averaging.