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Picosecond optical parametric generator and amplifier for large temperature-jump.

Margherita Citroni, Samuele Fanetti, Bastien Guigue

    Optics Express
    |January 22, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    A new laser system can melt ice samples using a single pulse. This breakthrough enables the study of water

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Physical Chemistry
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Understanding phase transitions in water is crucial for various scientific disciplines.
    • Spectroscopic probes offer detailed insights into molecular behavior during melting and freezing.
    • High-pressure conditions are relevant for studying natural environments like deep oceans or planetary interiors.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and characterize a tunable optical parametric generator and amplifier (OPG/OPA) system.
    • To investigate the melting of ice samples using ultrashort laser pulses.
    • To explore the potential of this system for studying water phase transitions under diverse conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Realization and characterization of an optical parametric generator and amplifier (OPG/OPA) system.

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  • Utilizing 15 ps laser pulses tunable around 2 μm with energies up to 15 mJ/pulse.
  • Measuring induced birefringence changes in ice samples subjected to laser irradiation within a sapphire anvil cell.

    • Main Results:

    • The OPG/OPA system successfully produced tunable 15 ps pulses.
    • A single laser pulse was sufficient to completely melt ice samples (10⁻⁶ cm³).
    • Melting was achieved at both room pressure (263 K) and high pressure (1 GPa, 298 K).

    Conclusions:

    • The developed laser source is capable of inducing rapid melting of ice.
    • This technology allows for spectroscopic studies of melting and freezing in water and solutions.
    • The system is suitable for investigating phase transitions under conditions relevant to natural environments.