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Evolution of the mating system in colonizing plants.

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Baker's law suggests self-fertilization aids colonization. However, this review highlights that the relationship between mating systems and dispersal in colonizing species is complex and dynamic, challenging simple predictions.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Ecology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Baker's law posits that self-fertilization (selfing) is advantageous for colonizing species, facilitating establishment by single individuals.
  • This hypothesis has been influential but is increasingly questioned due to conflicting theoretical predictions and empirical observations.
  • Models suggest high dispersal rates correlate with outcrossing, not selfing, and numerous counterexamples to Baker's law exist.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To reassess the relationship between mating systems and dispersal in colonizing species.
  • To address conceptual issues and reconcile contrasting predictions from Baker's law and mating-system evolution models.
  • To emphasize the need for a nuanced understanding of both dispersal and reproductive traits during colonization.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on conceptual issues in the evolution of mating and dispersal in colonizing species.
  • Analysis of theoretical models predicting associations between dispersal rates and mating systems.
  • Examination of empirical evidence regarding reproductive strategies in successful colonizers.

Main Results:

  • Distinguishing between the capacity for self-fertilization and the actual rate of selfing is crucial.
  • Dispersal and mating system traits are subject to different selective pressures during distinct colonization phases (dispersal, establishment, stasis).
  • The dynamic nature of colonization stages means trait associations evolve over time, complicating simple predictions.

Conclusions:

  • Simple predictions based on Baker's law regarding selfing in colonizers are insufficient.
  • A dynamic, phase-specific view of selection on dispersal and mating traits is necessary for understanding colonization success.
  • Future research should integrate life-history phases to better predict the evolution of mating and dispersal in colonizing species.