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Simulation of Human-induced Vibrations Based on the Characterized In-field Pedestrian Behavior
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Simulation of counterflow pedestrian dynamics using spheropolygons.

Fernando Alonso-Marroquín1, Jonathan Busch1, Coraline Chiew1

  • 1School of Civil Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
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Summary

This study introduces a new pedestrian simulation model using spheropolygons for dense crowds. The model reconstructs crowd dynamics, revealing how density and counterflow cause dangerous clogging events.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Crowd Dynamics
  • Computational Science

Background:

  • Traditional pedestrian models use simplified shapes (disks) suitable for low-density conditions.
  • Dense crowd dynamics require more accurate representations of pedestrian geometry for realistic simulations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel simulation method for pedestrian dynamics in large, dense crowds.
  • To investigate the mechanisms of clogging and avalanches in counterflow pedestrian scenarios.
  • To analyze a specific tragic crowd incident at the Madrid Arena.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a simulation method using spheropolygons to model pedestrian cross-sections.
  • Applied Newton's second law, incorporating viscoelastic contact forces, friction, and ground-reaction forces.
  • Simulated counterflow dynamics in corridors and analyzed contact-force networks.

Main Results:

  • The spheropolygon model accurately captures pedestrian interactions in dense crowds.
  • Simulations reconstructed the clogging mechanism observed in the Madrid Arena incident.
  • Pedestrian density and counterflow significantly influence avalanche and clogging onset.

Conclusions:

  • The enhanced pedestrian shape improves simulation accuracy in crowded conditions.
  • Understanding crowd dynamics is crucial for preventing deadly incidents.
  • The model provides insights into injury estimation based on force networks.