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Chin augmentation with various alloplastic materials: a comparative study.

J E Moenning, L M Wolford

The International Journal of Adult Orthodontics and Orthognathic Surgery

|January 1, 1989

Summary

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Proplast I and II implants are acceptable for chin augmentation but may cause bone resorption within 12 months. Porous block hydroxyapatite offers an alternative with no detectable resorption, though it

Area of Science:

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Biomaterials Science

Background:

Alloplastic materials are widely used for chin augmentation.
Evaluating long-term outcomes of different implant materials is crucial for patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare bone resorption, soft tissue changes, and implant stability of Proplast I (PI), Proplast II (PII), and porous block hydroxyapatite (PBHA) chin implants.

Main Methods:

Retrospective study of 62 patients who underwent chin augmentation.
Analysis of radiographic and clinical data over an average follow-up period of 19.1 to 44.8 months.
Comparison of bone resorption, posterior settling, and soft tissue changes between PI, PII, and PBHA implants.

Main Results:

PI and PII implants showed average bone resorption of 1.25 mm and posterior settling of 0.46 mm.

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PBHA implants demonstrated no detectable bone resorption (0.00 mm) and minimal posterior settling (0.03 mm).

Soft tissue changes were comparable between all groups, with slightly less change noted with larger PI/PII implants.

Conclusions:

PI and PII implants are acceptable for chin augmentation, with expected bone resorption within the first year.
PBHA is an attractive alternative due to its lack of resorption and excellent soft tissue integration.
While PBHA offers superior bone stability, its technical surgical demands require consideration.