Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Vaccinations

Vaccinations

Immunological Memory

Immunological Memory

Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...

Vaccines

Vaccines

Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the...

Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

Development of Immunocompetence

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...

Diphtheria

Diphtheria

Diphtheria is an acute, toxin-mediated infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a Gram-positive, pleomorphic rod that lacks spore-forming capability and exhibits a characteristic club-shaped morphology under microscopic examination. While C. diphtheriae can asymptomatically colonize mucosal surfaces, clinical disease manifests only when the bacterial strain is lysogenized by a specific β-corynephage. This phage...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Intra-CNS AAV9-<i>GBA1</i> delivery yields species and route of administration differences in safety and transgene expression.

Molecular therapy. Advances·2026

Same author

Immunotherapy with B28, an antibody to Aβ oligomers, potently decreases amyloid plaques, microgliosis, and memory decline in APP knock-in mice.

Cell reports·2026

Same author

Early binding of anti-amyloid antibodies to CAA drives complement activation, inflammation and ARIA in mice.

Molecular neurodegeneration·2026

Same author

Ex vivo comparison of ACU193 and lecanemab reveals binding differences in mouse brain.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026

Same author

Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) in anti-amyloid therapies for Alzheimer's disease: An update from the Alzheimer's Association ARIA workgroup.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026

Same author

C3 lowering in adult APP KI mice rescues synapses and spares cognitive decline.

Molecular neurodegeneration advances·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Murine Model of Epicutaneously-Induced Immunomodulation

Murine Model of Epicutaneously-Induced Immunomodulation

Published on: June 24, 2025

Tau immunization: a cautionary tale?

Alexandra J Mably¹, Daniel Kanmert¹, Jessica M Mc Donald¹

¹Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.

Neurobiology of Aging

|January 27, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Anti-tau immunotherapy did not improve memory deficits in J20 mice and increased mortality. Further preclinical testing with diverse models and antibodies is recommended for Alzheimer's disease therapies.

Keywords:

APP Alzheimer's disease Extracellular tau Tau immunotherapy Transgenic mice

More Related Videos

A Rapid, Simple, and Standardized Homogenization Method to Prepare Antigen/Adjuvant Emulsions for Inducing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

A Rapid, Simple, and Standardized Homogenization Method to Prepare Antigen/Adjuvant Emulsions for Inducing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: December 9, 2022

Trans-vivo Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay for Antigen Specific Regulation

Trans-vivo Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay for Antigen Specific Regulation

Published on: May 2, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Murine Model of Epicutaneously-Induced Immunomodulation

Murine Model of Epicutaneously-Induced Immunomodulation

Published on: June 24, 2025

A Rapid, Simple, and Standardized Homogenization Method to Prepare Antigen/Adjuvant Emulsions for Inducing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

A Rapid, Simple, and Standardized Homogenization Method to Prepare Antigen/Adjuvant Emulsions for Inducing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: December 9, 2022

Trans-vivo Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay for Antigen Specific Regulation

Trans-vivo Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay for Antigen Specific Regulation

Published on: May 2, 2013

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Immunology
Pharmacology

Background:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology involves amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and tau tangles.
Aβ-targeting immunotherapy is advanced but has faced clinical trial failures.
There is growing interest in tau immunotherapy as a potential AD treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the efficacy of chronic anti-tau monoclonal antibody (5E2) administration in J20 amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice.
To determine if targeting extracellular tau with 5E2 can ameliorate cognitive deficits in a mouse model of AD.

Main Methods:

Administered anti-tau monoclonal antibody (5E2) to J20 mice.
Assessed the presence and activity of 5E2 in mouse brains.
Evaluated the antibody's engagement with extracellular tau.
Tested for recovery of age-dependent spatial reference memory deficits.
Monitored mouse mortality rates.

Main Results:

5E2 was present and active in the brains of treated mice and engaged with extracellular tau.
5E2 treatment did not improve spatial reference memory deficits in J20 mice.
A significant increase in mortality was observed in J20 mice treated with 5E2.

Conclusions:

Memory impairment in J20 mice is unlikely mediated by extracellular tau recognized by 5E2.
Anti-tau immunotherapy may not be effective for AD, necessitating caution.
Extensive preclinical testing using multiple models and antibodies is crucial for developing anti-tau therapies.