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Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...

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Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Optical Sectioning and Visualization of the Intervertebral Disc from Embryonic Development to Degeneration

Optical Sectioning and Visualization of the Intervertebral Disc from Embryonic Development to Degeneration

Published on: July 8, 2021

Mesenchymal stem cell tracking in the intervertebral disc.

Charles Handley¹, Tony Goldschlager¹, David Oehme¹

¹Charles Handley, Tony Goldschlager, David Oehme, Graham Jenkin, The Ritchie Centre, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3168, Australia.

World Journal of Stem Cells

|January 27, 2015

Summary

Low back pain from intervertebral disc degeneration may be treated with stem cells. Cell tracking using MRI and iron oxide nanoparticles can help optimize this regenerative therapy.

Keywords:

Cell tracking Intervertebral disc Intervertebral disc degeneration Magnetic resonance imaging Stem cells

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Area of Science:

Regenerative Medicine
Biomaterials Science
Medical Imaging

Background:

Low back pain is a major public health issue, often caused by intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration.
Current treatments for IVD degeneration, including surgery, have limitations.
Stem cell therapy presents a promising regenerative approach for IVD disease.

Purpose of the Study:

To review advances in stem cell tracking for intervertebral disc (IVD) regeneration.
To explore the role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and nanoparticles in monitoring stem cell therapy for IVD disease.

Main Methods:

Review of preclinical research on stem cell therapy for degenerate IVDs.
Discussion of cell tracking techniques, focusing on MRI.
Exploration of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as MRI contrast agents for cell tracking.

Main Results:

Preclinical studies show promising results for stem cells in restoring degenerate IVDs.
Cell tracking is crucial for understanding stem cell behavior (survival, differentiation, migration).
MRI offers non-invasive, high-resolution imaging for tracking stem cells in vivo.

Conclusions:

Stem cell therapy holds potential for treating intervertebral disc degeneration.
Advanced cell tracking methods, particularly MRI with nanoparticles, are vital for optimizing stem cell treatments.
Further research in stem cell tracking and molecular imaging is needed to improve IVD regenerative therapies.