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Related Concept Videos

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Sebaceous Glands01:21

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Sebaceous Glands

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A sebaceous gland is a type of oil gland found almost all over the skin ( except palms and soles) and helps lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair. Most sebaceous glands are associated with hair follicles. They generate and excrete sebum, a mixture of lipids, onto the skin surface, thereby naturally lubricating the dry and dead layer of keratinized cells of the stratum corneum, keeping it pliable.
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Exocrine Glands: Methods of Secretion01:08

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Exocrine glands are those that release their secretions through ducts. Based on their mode of secretion, they can be classified into merocrine, apocrine, and holocrine.
Merocrine Secretion
Merocrine secretion is the most common type of exocrine secretion. The secretions are enclosed in vesicles and moved to the cell's apical surface, where the contents are released by exocytosis. For example, mucous, a watery secretion rich in the glycoprotein mucin, is a merocrine secretion. The eccrine...
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Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell01:06

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A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
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Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Glandular Epithelium01:20

Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Glandular Epithelium

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The glandular epithelium is made of one or more epithelial cells modified to synthesize and secrete chemical substances. Glandular epithelia can be classified based on cell number. Unicellular glands have individual secretory cells scattered across the epithelial monolayer. In contrast, multicellular glands consist of a hollow tubular duct attached to the cluster of secretory cells located in the deep pockets.
Multicellular glands are formed during early development when epithelial budding...
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Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells01:12

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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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Exocrine Glands: Unicellular and Multicellular Glands01:29

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Exocrine glands are classified as unicellular and multicellular. The unicellular glands are scattered single cells, such as goblet cells, found in the mucous membranes of the small and large intestines. On the other hand, multicellular exocrine glands develop as secretory sheets, like the internal lining of the abdomen or chest. Such secretory sheets release their secretions directly into the lumen of these organs. In addition, some multicellular glands have deep-seated secretory units to...
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Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Planar Hair-bearing Skin Organoids Using an Air-Liquid Interface Culture System
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New cell formation in human sebaceous glands.

E H Epstein1, W L Epstein

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA.

The Journal of Investigative Dermatology
|January 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human sebaceous gland cells renew every 7.4 days, with new cells originating from the periphery. This study tracks cell division and lipid production in sebaceous glands using thymidine-H3.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Cell Biology
  • Histology

Background:

  • Human sebaceous glands are crucial for skin health, producing sebum.
  • Understanding sebaceous gland cell dynamics is key to dermatological research.
  • Previous studies lacked detailed insights into human sebaceous gland renewal rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the cellular activity and renewal patterns of human sebaceous glands.
  • To determine the average turnover time of sebaceous gland cells.
  • To investigate the migration and differentiation pathways of sebaceous gland cells.

Main Methods:

  • Intradermal injection of thymidine-H3 (a radioactive tracer) in human subjects.
  • Biopsy removal of sebaceous glands at various time points (40 minutes to 36 days).
  • Histological analysis to track labeled cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation.

Main Results:

  • Identified a characteristic pattern of human sebaceous gland activity.
  • Observed cell division occurring at the basement membrane with daughter cells migrating centrally.
  • Demonstrated that peripheral replenishment continues for at least 2-4 weeks, with an average renewal time of 7.4 days.

Conclusions:

  • The human sebaceous gland exhibits a continuous renewal process originating from peripheral cells.
  • The average renewal time for human sebaceous gland cells is approximately 7.4 days.
  • This provides a quantitative measure of sebaceous gland cell turnover, valuable for dermatological studies.