Noninvasive glaucoma procedures: current options and future innovations

Noninvasive glaucoma procedures (NIGPs) represent a new dawn in the management of glaucoma. They try to fill the gap between the shortcoming of invasive glaucoma surgeries and antiglaucoma medications. NIGPs were introduced as an adjunct or alternative treatments for glaucoma. Some of these procedures have shown good efficacy with few serious complications. Hence, they are now used as both primary and adjunctive therapy for glaucoma. The most common NIGPS involve laser and ultrasound technologies. Currently, the portfolio of NIGPs includes argon laser trabeculoplasty, selective laser trabeculoplasty, and micropulse diode laser trabeculoplasty. More recent innovations include therapeutic ultrasound for glaucoma, ultrasonic circular cyclocoagulation, and deep wave trabeculoplasty.