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5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural prolongs survival and inhibits oxidative stress in a mouse model of forebrain ischemia
Bailiu Ya1, Lan Zhang2, Li Zhang2
1Department of Pharmacology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100053, China ; Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong Province, China.
Abstract:
In the present study, we hypothesized that 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural could attenuate ischemic brain damage by reducing oxidative injury. Thus, mice were subjected to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion to establish a model of permanent forebrain ischemia. The mice were intraperitoneally injected with 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural 30 minutes before ischemia or 5 minutes after ischemia. The survival time of mice injected with 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural was longer compared with untreated mice. The mice subjected to ischemia for 30 minutes and reperfusion for 5 minutes were intraperitoneally injected with 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural 5 minutes prior to reperfusion, which increased superoxide dismutase content and reduced malondialdehyde content, similar to the effects of Edaravone, a hydroxyl radical scavenger used for the treatment of stroke. These findings indicate that intraperitoneal injection of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural can prolong the survival of mice with permanent forebrain ischemia. This outcome may be mediated by its antioxidative effects.
Insights
5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) administration extended survival in mice with ischemic brain damage. HMF demonstrated antioxidative effects, reducing oxidative injury and potentially treating stroke.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Biochemistry
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Ischemic brain damage is a significant cause of mortality and disability.
- Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke.
- Novel therapeutic agents targeting oxidative injury are needed for stroke treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the neuroprotective effects of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) against ischemic brain damage.
- To determine if HMF can attenuate brain injury by reducing oxidative stress.
- To evaluate the potential of HMF as a therapeutic agent for stroke.
Main Methods:
- A permanent forebrain ischemia model was established in mice using bilateral common carotid artery occlusion.
- Mice were administered HMF intraperitoneally before or after ischemia induction.
- Biochemical markers of oxidative stress, including superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde, were measured.
- Survival rates were compared between HMF-treated and untreated groups.
Main Results:
- Intraperitoneal administration of HMF significantly prolonged survival time in mice subjected to permanent forebrain ischemia.
- HMF treatment increased superoxide dismutase levels and decreased malondialdehyde levels in ischemic brain tissue.
- The observed effects of HMF were comparable to those of Edaravone, a known hydroxyl radical scavenger.
Conclusions:
- 5-hydroxymethylfurfural exhibits significant neuroprotective effects against permanent forebrain ischemia in a mouse model.
- The therapeutic benefits of HMF are likely mediated through its potent antioxidative properties.
- HMF represents a promising therapeutic candidate for mitigating ischemic brain damage and stroke outcomes.
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