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Study of two different enzyme immunoassays for the detection of Mayaro virus antibodies
L T Figueiredo1, R M Nogueira, S M Cavalcanti
1Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Brasil.
Abstract:
This paper presents the evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay in which Mayaro virus-infected cultured cells are used as antigen (EIA-ICC) and an IgM antibody capture ELISA (MAC-ELISA) for Mayaro serologic diagnosis using 114 human sera obtained during a Mayaro outbreak occurred in Bolivia, in 1987. Results were compared with those obtained by haemagglutination-inhibition test (HAI). MAC-ELISA was the most sensitive technique for anti-Mayaro IgM detection. MAC-ELISA was twice as sensitive as IgM EIA-ICC. The data shows that MAC-ELISA is a practical and valid technique for diagnosis of recent Mayaro infection. IgG EIA-ICC showed high sensitivity and high specificity compared to HAI. The combination of anti-Mayaro IgG and IgM EIA-ICC results presented the highest sensitivity of the study. Anti-Mayaro IgG and IgM simultaneous detection by EIA-ICC can be used for recent infection diagnosis (in spite of a less sensitive IgM detection than by MAC-ELISA), for surveillance and sero-epidemiologic studies, and for studies of IgG and IgM responses to Mayaro infection.
Insights
This study evaluated diagnostic tests for Mayaro virus, finding IgM antibody capture ELISA (MAC-ELISA) most sensitive for recent infections. Enzyme immunoassay using cultured cells (EIA-ICC) also showed promise for Mayaro diagnosis and surveillance.
Area of Science:
- Medical Virology
- Immunodiagnostics
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Mayaro virus (MAYV) is an arbovirus causing febrile illness.
- Accurate serologic diagnosis is crucial for Mayaro virus outbreak management and surveillance.
- Existing diagnostic methods require evaluation for sensitivity and specificity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the diagnostic performance of enzyme immunoassay using cultured cells (EIA-ICC) and IgM antibody capture ELISA (MAC-ELISA) for Mayaro virus infection.
- To compare these assays against the haemagglutination-inhibition test (HAI).
- To assess the utility of these assays for diagnosing recent Mayaro virus infections.
Main Methods:
- Evaluation of EIA-ICC and MAC-ELISA using 114 human sera from a 1987 Mayaro outbreak in Bolivia.
- Comparison of results with the haemagglutination-inhibition test (HAI).
- Assessment of sensitivity and specificity for detecting anti-Mayaro IgM and IgG antibodies.
Main Results:
- MAC-ELISA demonstrated the highest sensitivity for detecting anti-Mayaro IgM, outperforming IgM EIA-ICC.
- IgG EIA-ICC exhibited high sensitivity and specificity compared to HAI.
- Combined IgG and IgM EIA-ICC testing yielded the highest overall sensitivity for Mayaro virus diagnosis.
Conclusions:
- MAC-ELISA is a practical and sensitive method for diagnosing recent Mayaro virus infections.
- EIA-ICC, particularly when detecting both IgG and IgM, is valuable for diagnosing recent infections, surveillance, and sero-epidemiologic studies.
- These immunoassays offer improved tools for Mayaro virus diagnostics and research.