Murine typhus, Reunion, France, 2011-2013

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Elsa Balleydier, Guillaume Camuset, Cristina Socolovschi

    Emerging Infectious Diseases
    |January 28, 2015
    PubMed

    Insights

    Murine typhus, a bacterial infection, has been confirmed in Reunion, France. Health officials urge consideration of this disease in unexplained fevers for locals and travelers.

    Area of Science:

    • * Infectious Diseases
    • * Medical Entomology
    • * Public Health

    Background:

    • * Murine typhus (Rickettsia typhi) is a zoonotic disease transmitted by fleas.
    • * Historically, Reunion Island has not been recognized as an endemic area for murine typhus.

    Observation:

    • * An initial case of murine typhus was identified in a tourist in Reunion in 2012.
    • * An epidemiological investigation was launched to identify potential local transmission.

    Findings:

    • * Eight autochthonous (locally acquired) cases of murine typhus were confirmed in Reunion between January 2011 and January 2013.
    • * These findings indicate local transmission cycles of the pathogen within the island.

    Implications:

    • * Murine typhus should be included in the differential diagnosis for febrile illnesses in patients in Reunion.
    • * Travelers returning from Reunion with unexplained fevers should be evaluated for murine typhus.
    • * This highlights the need for enhanced surveillance and vector control in previously non-endemic regions.

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