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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of Leukocytes01:27

Disorders of Leukocytes

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Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune...
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Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

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Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
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Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

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Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy...
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Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
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Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Establishment of a Human Multiple Myeloma Xenograft Model in the Chicken to Study Tumor Growth, Invasion and Angiogenesis
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[Immune defects in multiple myeloma].

Takero Shindo, Shinya Kimura

    Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
    |January 29, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Multiple myeloma impairs immunity by affecting B cells and immune cells. Immunomodulatory drugs and bone-targeting agents offer therapeutic potential by modulating the immune microenvironment in myeloma patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Oncology and Immunology: Focuses on the intersection of cancer biology and the immune system's response.
    • Hematology: Addresses B-lymphocyte precursor malignancies and bone marrow microenvironment dynamics.

    Context:

    • Multiple myeloma, a B-lymphocyte malignancy, profoundly suppresses host immunity, affecting antibody production, T-cell ratios, and natural killer (NK) and dendritic cell functions.
    • Myeloma cells and bone marrow stromal cells secrete cytokines like IL-6 and VEGF, creating an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
    • Current treatments for skeletal-related events, such as bisphosphonates and anti-RANKL antibodies, also influence the immune system.

    Purpose:

    • To elucidate the complex interactions between the immune microenvironment and therapeutic agents in multiple myeloma.
    • To identify how immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) and bone-targeting agents impact immune cells in the context of myeloma.

    Summary:

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    An Organotypic High Throughput System for Characterization of Drug Sensitivity of Primary Multiple Myeloma Cells
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    Related Experiment Videos

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    Establishment of a Human Multiple Myeloma Xenograft Model in the Chicken to Study Tumor Growth, Invasion and Angiogenesis
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    Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice
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    An Organotypic High Throughput System for Characterization of Drug Sensitivity of Primary Multiple Myeloma Cells
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    • Multiple myeloma disrupts immune homeostasis, leading to reduced immune cell activity and antibody production.
    • Immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) demonstrate potential by activating T and NK cells, thereby exerting anti-myeloma effects.
    • Agents targeting skeletal complications also modulate immune responses, suggesting a dual role in myeloma therapy.

    Impact:

    • Understanding these immune interactions is crucial for developing enhanced therapeutic strategies for multiple myeloma.
    • This knowledge can guide the development of novel treatments that leverage the immune system against myeloma.
    • Optimizing therapies requires a comprehensive view of how treatments affect both myeloma progression and host immunity.