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Related Concept Videos

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

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A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
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Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

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Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
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Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
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Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

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Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living...
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Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management01:16

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Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
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The effect of peri-transplant plasmapheresis in the prevention of recurrent FSGS.

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Genome-wide association study identifies the common variants in CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 responsible for variation in tacrolimus trough concentration in Caucasian kidney transplant recipients.

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Renal Consequences of Diabetes After Kidney Donation.

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TBase - an Integrated Electronic Health Record and Research Database for Kidney Transplant Recipients
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OPTN/SRTR 2013 Annual Data Report: kidney.

A J Matas1, J M Smith, M A Skeans

  • 1Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, Minneapolis, MN; Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.

American Journal of Transplantation : Official Journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons
|January 29, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new kidney allocation system uses the Kidney Donor Profile Index (KDPI) to prioritize deceased donor kidneys for candidates with the best survival outcomes. This aims to improve organ distribution and reduce increasing wait times for kidney transplants.

Keywords:
End-stage renal diseasekidney transplantorgan allocationwaiting list

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Transplant Surgery
  • Public Health Policy

Background:

  • The number of candidates on the kidney transplant waiting list continues to rise annually.
  • Median waiting times for adult kidney transplant candidates increased significantly from 2003 to 2009.
  • Kidney donation rates have remained stagnant, failing to meet the growing demand.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the upcoming changes in the kidney allocation system.
  • To outline the criteria for donor characterization and candidate prioritization.
  • To highlight the impact on waiting times and organ distribution.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of the Kidney Donor Profile Index (KDPI) for donor characterization on a 0%-100% scale.
  • Prioritization of deceased donor kidneys based on expected posttransplant longevity and candidate survival.
  • Revised criteria for calculating waiting time, including maintenance dialysis initiation.

Main Results:

  • The new system allocates the top 20% of deceased donor kidneys to the 20% of candidates with the best expected posttransplant survival.
  • Short-term outcomes remain high, with death-censored graft survival exceeding 97% for deceased donor transplants.
  • In 2013, 883 pediatric candidates were added to the waiting list, with varying 5-year graft survival rates by age and donor type.

Conclusions:

  • The new kidney allocation system aims to optimize organ utilization and improve outcomes for transplant recipients.
  • Addressing the increasing waitlist and stagnant donation rates remains a critical challenge in kidney transplantation.
  • Understanding graft survival differences across age groups and donor types is crucial for pediatric kidney transplant recipients.