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Eco-evolutionary experience in novel species interactions.

Wolf-Christian Saul1, Jonathan M Jeschke

  • 1Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universität München, Emil-Ramann-Str. 6, 85354, Freising, Germany; Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 310, 12587, Berlin, Germany; Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 1-3, 14195, Berlin, Germany.

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|January 29, 2015
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Summary

Ecological novelty impacts species interactions, aiding conservation by identifying risky new species. Novel predators gain advantages, especially at low prey densities, posing risks to endangered prey.

Keywords:
Alien speciesAnthropoceneecological noveltyecological similarityintroduced speciesinvasibilityinvasivenessmanagementnaïvetésteady-state satiation equation

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Conservation Biology

Background:

  • Understanding ecological novelty is crucial for predicting species interaction outcomes.
  • Novel species introductions (invasive, GMOs, pathogens) pose risks to resident species.
  • Eco-evolutionary experience influences interactions between resident and non-resident species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how ecological novelty affects species interactions.
  • To define risk categories for novel species establishment and impact.
  • To analyze the temporal dynamics of novelty effects on interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Defining four qualitative risk categories for novel species.
  • Comparing predator functional responses and prey risk curves.
  • Analyzing predator-prey interactions with varying eco-evolutionary experience.

Main Results:

  • Novelty can confer density-dependent advantages to non-resident species.
  • The greatest impacts of novelty are often observed at low prey densities.
  • Differences in eco-evolutionary experience shape interaction outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Ecological novelty significantly alters species interactions, with implications for biodiversity.
  • Risk assessment frameworks are needed to manage novel species introductions.
  • Novel predator-prey dynamics highlight conservation concerns for vulnerable prey species.