The role of pattern-reversal electroretinography in the diagnosis of glaucoma

Pattern electroretinography is used to assess the function of the inner retinal layers, particularly the retinal ganglion cell layer, using a reversing checkerboard or grating pattern that maintains a constant overall mean luminance over time. A normal transient response comprises a positive component of the wave (P50) followed by a longer negative component of the wave (N95). Glaucomatous optic neuropathy causes progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells, potentially detectable as abnormalities on examination, particularly in the N95 component. Therefore, pattern electroretinography may be useful in the diagnosis and evaluation of glaucoma. The present article is an updated review of published data regarding the use of pattern electroretinography for the detection of glaucoma-induced retinal changes.