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A moonlighting metabolic protein influences repair at DNA double-stranded breaks.

Ana Lilia Torres-Machorro1, John P Aris2, Lorraine Pillus3

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Nucleic Acids Research
|January 29, 2015
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Summary

This study reveals a new DNA repair role for the moonlighting protein Lys20 (homocitrate synthase). Overexpressing Lys20 aids DNA repair by enhancing histone eviction and INO80 complex recruitment in yeast.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Yeast Genetics

Background:

  • Moonlighting proteins exhibit multiple distinct functions.
  • Lys20, known as homocitrate synthase (HCS), is involved in lysine biosynthesis.
  • Lys20 also functions in DNA damage repair through interaction with Esa1.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the chromatin-based DNA repair function of Lys20.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which Lys20 suppresses DNA damage sensitivity in esa1 mutants.
  • To explore the link between metabolic enzymes and DNA repair pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized LYS20 mutants defective in lysine biosynthesis but active in repair.
  • Analyzed chromatin landscape and histone acetylation in esa1 mutant cells.
  • Investigated Lys20 recruitment to DNA damage sites and its effect on INO80 complex.

Main Results:

  • Lys20 is recruited to DNA damage sites.
  • Overexpression of Lys20 enhances the recruitment of the INO80 remodeling complex.
  • Lys20 promotes normal histone eviction at DNA damage sites, restoring function in esa1 mutants.
  • Demonstrated a link between lysine metabolism and DNA repair.

Conclusions:

  • Lys20 possesses a novel chromatin-based function in DNA repair.
  • Lys20's role in DNA repair involves facilitating histone eviction via the INO80 complex.
  • This work highlights the evolutionary and biological significance of moonlighting proteins, connecting metabolism to DNA repair.