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South African hypertension practice guideline 2014

, Y K Seedat1, B L Rayner2

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.

Cardiovascular Journal of Africa
|January 29, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Treating hypertension (high blood pressure) effectively reduces risks of stroke and heart failure. Current guidelines recommend blood pressure targets below 140/90 mmHg, emphasizing gradual reduction in the elderly and managing cardiovascular risk factors.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hypertension (HTN) management is crucial for preventing cardiovascular events.
  • Extensive data from randomized controlled trials support the benefits of treating HTN.
  • Established guidelines define target blood pressure (BP) levels and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline current best practices for hypertension management.
  • To provide recommendations for antihypertensive therapy based on evidence.
  • To detail BP measurement, risk factor evaluation, and drug indications.

Main Methods:

  • Guideline development by the Southern African Hypertension Society (2014).
  • Review of extensive data from randomized, controlled trials on hypertension treatment.
  • Stipulation of BP measurement procedures and cardiovascular risk factor evaluation.

Main Results:

  • Target BP for antihypertensive management is systolic < 140 mmHg and diastolic < 90 mmHg.
  • Treatment reduces the risk of stroke, cardiac failure, chronic kidney disease, and coronary artery disease.
  • Gradual BP reduction over one month is recommended for the elderly.

Conclusions:

  • Lifestyle modification and patient education are essential for managing HTN.
  • Specific antihypertensive drug therapies (diuretics, CCBs, ACEIs, ARBs) are recommended for uncomplicated HTN.
  • Combination therapy is advised for severe HTN (≥ 160/100 mmHg), with specific considerations for Black patients and resistant hypertension.
Abstract

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