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South African hypertension practice guideline 2014.
, Y K Seedat1, B L Rayner2
1Department of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Cardiovascular Journal of Africa
|January 29, 2015
Summary
Treating hypertension (high blood pressure) effectively reduces risks of stroke and heart failure. Current guidelines recommend blood pressure targets below 140/90 mmHg, emphasizing gradual reduction in the elderly and managing cardiovascular risk factors.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Internal Medicine
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Hypertension (HTN) management is crucial for preventing cardiovascular events.
- Extensive data from randomized controlled trials support the benefits of treating HTN.
- Established guidelines define target blood pressure (BP) levels and treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline current best practices for hypertension management.
- To provide recommendations for antihypertensive therapy based on evidence.
- To detail BP measurement, risk factor evaluation, and drug indications.
Main Methods:
- Guideline development by the Southern African Hypertension Society (2014).
- Review of extensive data from randomized, controlled trials on hypertension treatment.
- Stipulation of BP measurement procedures and cardiovascular risk factor evaluation.
Main Results:
- Target BP for antihypertensive management is systolic < 140 mmHg and diastolic < 90 mmHg.
- Treatment reduces the risk of stroke, cardiac failure, chronic kidney disease, and coronary artery disease.
- Gradual BP reduction over one month is recommended for the elderly.
Conclusions:
- Lifestyle modification and patient education are essential for managing HTN.
- Specific antihypertensive drug therapies (diuretics, CCBs, ACEIs, ARBs) are recommended for uncomplicated HTN.
- Combination therapy is advised for severe HTN (≥ 160/100 mmHg), with specific considerations for Black patients and resistant hypertension.
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