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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Cortical Changes Across the Autism Lifespan.

Karol Osipowicz1, Danielle D Bosenbark1, Kristina E Patrick1

  • 1Department of Psychology, 3201 Chestnut Street, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104.

Autism Research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research
|January 30, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is linked to reduced gray matter (GM) in key brain regions across the lifespan. Higher autism symptom severity correlates with decreased GM in specific areas, particularly in the prefrontal cortex.

Keywords:
autismbrain developmentgray matterneuroimaging

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with neuroanatomical abnormalities, but precise patterns and links to symptomology remain unclear.
  • Limited research exists on neuroanatomical correlates of autism symptomology, often with small sample sizes.
  • Investigating gray matter (GM) changes across the ASD lifespan is crucial for understanding neurodevelopmental differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gray matter (GM) volume differences in individuals with ASD compared to neurotypical controls across the lifespan.
  • To examine the relationship between GM volume, age, and autism symptom severity in a large ASD cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized voxel-based morphometry (VBM) for analyzing brain gray matter (GM) volumes.
  • Compared GM volumes in 531 individuals with ASD and 571 neurotypical controls, aged 7-64.
  • Correlated GM volumes with age and autism severity within the ASD group.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with ASD showed bilateral decreased GM volume in regions including the thalamus, cerebellum, anterior medial temporal lobes, and orbitofrontal cortex.
  • Higher autism severity was associated with decreased GM volumes in the prefrontal cortex, inferior parietal and temporal regions, and temporal poles.
  • Age-related GM changes showed similar patterns to those associated with autism severity.

Conclusions:

  • This study identifies specific patterns of decreased gray matter (GM) volume associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis and symptom severity across the lifespan.
  • Findings highlight the importance of neuroanatomical differences in understanding ASD, particularly in prefrontal and temporal regions.
  • No association was found between ASD diagnosis/severity and increased GM volumes.