Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Angiogenesis01:10

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

7.8K
Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
7.8K
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

4.0K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
4.0K
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

8.3K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
8.3K
Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

7.0K
Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
7.0K
Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia01:35

Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia

3.5K
Invadosome is a broad category of cell surface structures with proteolytic activity that  degrades the extracellular matrix (ECM). Invadosomes are present in normal cell types, including macrophages, endothelial cells, and neurons, as well as tumor cells. Although the macrophage podosomes and tumor cell invadopodia are classified as invadosomes, they have different structures, molecular pathways, and functions. Podosomes are short structures that last for a few minutes. However,...
3.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Lateral Release - A technique for medium to large scalp lesions.

Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG·2026
Same author

[Dermatologic surgery].

Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany)·2025
Same author

[Basic principles of reconstructive dermatosurgery in the head and neck region].

Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany)·2025
Same author

Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany)·2024
Same author

[Dermatologic surgery during pregnancy and lactation].

Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany)·2024
Same author

Combination of secondary intention healing and primary closure to reconstruct large facial defects.

Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 18, 2026

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
08:49

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model

Published on: May 18, 2018

16.8K

Angiogenesis in malignant melanoma.

Moritz Felcht1, Markus Thomas

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergy, and Center of Excellence in Dermatology, the state of Baden-Württemberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim at Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.

Journal Der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG
|January 30, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Malignant melanoma therapy is challenging, with antiangiogenic therapies showing limited success. Targeting Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) alongside vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) may improve outcomes for melanoma patients.

More Related Videos

Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells
09:03

Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells

Published on: November 23, 2014

10.2K
A Matrigel-Based Tube Formation Assay to Assess the Vasculogenic Activity of Tumor Cells
04:00

A Matrigel-Based Tube Formation Assay to Assess the Vasculogenic Activity of Tumor Cells

Published on: September 7, 2011

67.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 18, 2026

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
08:49

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model

Published on: May 18, 2018

16.8K
Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells
09:03

Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells

Published on: November 23, 2014

10.2K
A Matrigel-Based Tube Formation Assay to Assess the Vasculogenic Activity of Tumor Cells
04:00

A Matrigel-Based Tube Formation Assay to Assess the Vasculogenic Activity of Tumor Cells

Published on: September 7, 2011

67.5K

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Cancer Metastasis

Background:

  • Malignant melanoma treatment remains difficult despite new therapies.
  • The tumor vascular system is crucial for melanoma metastasis.
  • Current antiangiogenic therapies, primarily targeting VEGF, have shown limited efficacy and resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of antiangiogenic therapies in malignant melanoma.
  • To explore Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) as a therapeutic target in melanoma.
  • To evaluate the potential of combining anti-VEGF and anti-Ang-2 therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical and clinical trials on antiangiogenic agents in melanoma.
  • Analysis of studies investigating VEGF signaling inhibitors, multikinase inhibitors, and integrin activity.
  • Examination of emerging research on Ang-2 inhibitors and their role in melanoma.

Main Results:

  • Antiangiogenic therapies, particularly anti-VEGF monotherapy, have not significantly improved overall survival rates in melanoma.
  • Resistance to anti-VEGF therapy is a notable issue in malignant melanoma.
  • Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) is identified as a marker for metastasis and a potential therapeutic target.

Conclusions:

  • Current antiangiogenic strategies for melanoma require further optimization.
  • Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) inhibition presents a promising avenue for melanoma treatment.
  • Combined anti-VEGF and anti-Ang-2 therapy warrants investigation for improved malignant melanoma treatment outcomes.