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Collective response to perturbations in a data-driven fish school model.

Daniel S Calovi1, Ugo Lopez2, Paul Schuhmacher3

  • 1Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, UMR-CNRS 5169, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France CNRS, Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Toulouse 31062, France daniel.calovi@gmail.com.

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Fish school responses to threats depend on their collective state. Responsiveness is highest near the transition between milling and schooling behaviors, especially with lower noise-to-interaction ratios.

Keywords:
collective behaviourcomputational modellingfish school modelself-organization

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Area of Science:

  • Collective behavior in animal groups
  • Fish schooling dynamics
  • Biophysics of social interactions

Background:

  • Fish schools exhibit diverse collective states and behavioral responses to threats.
  • A school's reaction to external disturbances can vary based on its current collective state.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate how fish school responses to perturbations differ across collective states.
  • Quantify school susceptibility to perturbations and its link to intrinsic fluctuations.
  • Analyze the impact of individuals with altered social parameters on school behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a data-driven fish school model to simulate responses to perturbations.
  • Examined the effect of perturbing individuals with different attraction and alignment parameters.
  • Measured school responsiveness and susceptibility in relation to collective states and noise levels.

Main Results:

  • Maximum school responsiveness and susceptibility to perturbations occur near the milling-schooling state transition.
  • This transition region exhibits multistability, with schools frequently shifting between states.
  • Significant responses to perturbations require the noise-to-social-interaction ratio to be below a specific threshold.

Conclusions:

  • The collective state critically influences a fish school's response to external disturbances.
  • Fish schools are most sensitive to perturbations at the boundary between different collective behaviors.
  • Noise levels relative to social interactions play a key role in determining the impact of perturbations on school dynamics.