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Electrocorticographic activity over sensorimotor cortex and motor function in awake behaving rats.

Chadwick B Boulay1, Xiang Yang Chen2, Jonathan R Wolpaw2

  • 1Laboratory of Neural Injury and Repair, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York; and State University of New York, Albany, New York cboulay@uottawa.ca.

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|January 30, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Sensorimotor cortex (SMC) activity influences spinal reflexes. Increased SMC activation potentiates the H-reflex by exciting motoneurons while simultaneously suppressing it via afferent input changes, aiding motor function restoration.

Keywords:
H-reflexbrain-computer interfacecortexmotor controlspinal cord

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Spinal Reflexes

Background:

  • The sensorimotor cortex (SMC) modulates spinal reflex pathways crucial for motor behaviors.
  • Understanding this control is vital for developing strategies to restore function after neurological injuries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how ongoing SMC activity impacts the H-reflex, an electrophysiological measure of spinal reflex excitability.
  • To explore the relationship between SMC neural activity patterns and spinal reflex modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Electrocorticography (ECoG) and H-reflex measurements were performed in awake adult rats during steady-state soleus muscle activity.
  • Principal component analysis identified distinct frequency bands (μβ, γ1, γ2) in SMC activity.
  • Correlations between SMC frequency band power and H-reflex amplitude, considering background EMG, were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Ongoing soleus electromyographic (EMG) amplitude correlated negatively with μβ power and positively with γ1 power.
  • H-reflex size showed a positive correlation with μβ power and a negative correlation with γ1 power, contingent on background EMG levels.
  • These findings suggest a dual effect of SMC activation on spinal reflexes.

Conclusions:

  • Increased SMC activation, characterized by decreased μβ and increased γ1 power, potentiates the H-reflex through motoneuron excitation and suppresses it by altering afferent input efficacy.
  • These insights can inform the development of novel rehabilitation techniques and brain-computer interfaces for motor function recovery.