Noncoding RNA as therapeutic targets for hepatocellular carcinoma

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Oncology
• Genetics

Background:

• Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their roles in disease.
• Aberrant ncRNA expression is implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
• ncRNAs encompass diverse types, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs).

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the contributory role of miRNAs and lncRNAs in HCC pathogenesis and progression.
• To explore the potential of ncRNAs as therapeutic targets and diagnostic/prognostic markers for HCC.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent studies on ncRNAs in HCC.
• Analysis of ncRNA involvement in key pathobiological processes of HCC (proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis).
• Discussion of epigenetic, transcriptional, and posttranscriptional regulation of ncRNA expression in HCC.

Main Results:

• ncRNAs are involved in critical cellular processes that drive HCC.
• Dysregulated expression of ncRNAs is a common feature in HCC.
• Emerging evidence highlights the significant role of miRNAs and lncRNAs in HCC development.

Conclusions:

• ncRNAs, particularly miRNAs and lncRNAs, are crucial in HCC pathogenesis and progression.
• Targeting ncRNAs presents a promising avenue for developing novel HCC therapeutics.
• Deregulation of ncRNAs in HCC suggests their utility as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.