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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is associated with delayed structural brain maturation in preterm infants

Vera Neubauer1, Daniel Junker, Elke Griesmaier

  • 1Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics II, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.

Neonatology
|January 31, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is linked to delayed brain maturation in very preterm infants. This finding highlights additional neural correlates of adverse outcomes beyond common brain injuries.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is crucial for assessing preterm brain injury.
  • MRI at term-equivalent age (TEA) reveals delayed brain maturation in preterm infants, impacting neurobehavioral outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine how common neonatal risk factors influence structural brain maturation in very preterm infants at TEA.
  • To identify specific neonatal conditions associated with delayed brain maturation.

Main Methods:

  • 130 very preterm infants (mean gestational age 29.7 weeks) underwent MRI at TEA.
  • A validated 'total maturation score' was assigned to assess brain development.
  • Brain maturation scores were correlated with neonatal data.

Main Results:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), late-onset sepsis, and retinopathy of prematurity were associated with delayed brain maturation.
  • Infants with delayed maturation required longer ventilation and experienced more severe hypotension.
  • BPD remained a significant predictor of delayed brain maturation in multivariate analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Delayed structural brain maturation at TEA is preceded by BPD in very preterm infants.
  • BPD is a predictor of adverse outcomes, and this study links it to delayed brain maturation.
  • Adverse outcomes in preterm infants may involve neural correlates beyond typical brain injury.
Abstract

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