Otomycosis in iran: a review.

Area of Science:

• Mycology
• Otolaryngology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Otomycosis, or fungal infection of the external auditory canal, is a common superficial mycotic infection.
• It is often unilateral, more prevalent in females, and characterized by symptoms such as pruritus, otalgia, and hearing impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the prevalence, causative agents, and epidemiological characteristics of otomycosis.
• To identify seasonal and age-related patterns of fungal ear infections.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on otomycosis.
• Analysis of incidence rates, common fungal species, and patient demographics.

Main Results:

• Otomycosis incidence ranged from 5.7% to 81%, with a mean of 51.3%.
• Aspergillus species (78.59%) were the predominant agents, followed by Candida species (16.76%).
• Infections peaked in summer, particularly among individuals aged 20-40 years, with a M/F ratio of 1:1.53.

Conclusions:

• Otomycosis is a widespread fungal infection, frequently caused by Aspergillus species.
• The study highlights seasonal variations and specific demographic groups at higher risk, especially swimmers during warmer months.