Patterns of bilateral agenesis of maxillary third molars and agenesis of other teeth

The purpose of this study was to investigate the patterns of bilateral agenesis of maxillary third molars and other tooth agenesis in Japanese orthodontic patients. A group of 262 subjects with bilateral agenesis of maxillary third molars (group A) was divided into three subgroups: group 1A consisting of 114 subjects without agenesis of mandibular third molars; group 2A, 31 subjects with unilateral agenesis of mandibular third molars; and group 3A, 117 subjects with agenesis of all third molars. As controls, 926 other subjects without third molar agenesis were selected (group C). Panoramic radiographs were mainly used to examine for tooth agenesis. The Chi square test and odds ratio were used to make statistical comparisons. The prevalence rates of agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors, mandibular incisors and maxillary and mandibular second premolars, and bilateral agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors and second premolars were significantly higher in any one of the third molar agenesis groups than in the control group. Characteristically, no significant increase in occurrence of bilateral agenesis of mandibular second premolars was demonstrated by the subjects with bilateral agenesis of maxillary third molars. Irrespective of whether unilateral or bilateral agenesis of mandibular third molars is present or not, the Japanese orthodontic patients with bilateral agenesis of maxillary third molars exhibited a significantly increased occurrence of unilateral or bilateral agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors, mandibular incisors and maxillary and mandibular second premolars, except for bilateral agenesis of mandibular incisors and second premolars.