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One hundred ways to kill a podocyte.

Moin A Saleem1

  • 1Bristol Children's Hospital, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
|February 1, 2015
PubMed
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Podocytes, crucial kidney cells, maintain health through tightly controlled signals from genetics, surrounding cells, the basement membrane, and plasma. Imbalances in these signals can lead to glomerular disease.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cell Biology
  • Glomerular Biology

Background:

  • Podocytes are specialized cells originating from mesenchyme within the developing glomerulus.
  • Mature podocytes exist in a dynamic microenvironment, receiving signals from multiple sources.
  • Maintaining podocyte health is critical for glomerular function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse signals influencing podocyte phenotype and function.
  • To categorize these signals into four main sources: genetic, paracrine, cell-matrix, and plasma-derived.
  • To highlight the importance of a balanced signaling environment for podocyte health.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing evidence on podocyte signaling.
  • Categorization of signaling cues based on their origin.
Keywords:
endothelialendothelinintegrinmesangialnephroticpodocyte

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  • Discussion of known signaling molecules like vascular endothelial growth factor, insulin, and integrins.

    • Main Results:

    • Podocyte function is bidirectionally affected by factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor, insulin, and integrins.
    • Disruption of the delicate balance of these signals can cause significant podocyte dysfunction.
    • Glomerular diseases can arise from various primary insults that impact podocyte signaling.

    Conclusions:

    • Podocyte health is regulated by a complex interplay of genetic, paracrine, direct contact, and plasma-derived signals.
    • Imbalances in these signals are implicated in the pathogenesis of glomerular diseases.
    • Further research is needed to understand less-explored influences like shear stress and urinary space signals.