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How bacterial pathogens colonize their hosts and invade deeper tissues.

David Ribet1, Pascale Cossart1

  • 1Institut Pasteur, Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Département de Biologie Cellulaire et Infection, F-75015 Paris, France; INSERM, U604, F-75015 Paris, France; INRA, USC2020, F-75015 Paris, France.

Microbes and Infection
|February 2, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Pathogenic bacteria use diverse strategies to overcome host defenses, colonize organs, and cause human diseases. This review details bacterial adhesion, invasion, and barrier crossing mechanisms.

Keywords:
Bacterial adhesionBacterial invasionHost barrierHost–pathogen interactionsListeriaMicrobiota

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Bacterial pathogens constantly evolve mechanisms to evade host immune responses.
  • Understanding these strategies is crucial for developing effective treatments against infectious diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse strategies employed by pathogenic bacteria to colonize and invade human organs.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying bacterial adhesion, invasion, and host barrier penetration.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific articles on bacterial pathogenesis and host-pathogen interactions.
  • Synthesis of information on bacterial adherence, intracellular proliferation, and transmigration across host barriers.

Main Results:

  • Pathogenic bacteria utilize specific adhesins to attach to host cells.
  • Some bacteria can enter host cells, surviving and replicating intracellularly.
  • Pathogens possess mechanisms to breach epithelial and endothelial barriers, leading to systemic infections.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial pathogens exhibit remarkable adaptability in overcoming host defenses.
  • Targeting bacterial invasion and barrier-crossing mechanisms presents potential therapeutic avenues.