Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device
Published on: November 8, 2024
[Introduction and interpretation of abcd classification system for subaxial cervical spine injury]
Objective:
To introduce and interpret ABCD classification system for subaxial cervical spine injury.
Methods:
The literature related to subaxial cervical spine injury classification system was extensively reviewed, analyzed, and summarized so as to introduce the ABCD classification system.
Results:
The ABCD classification system for subaxial cervical spine injury consists of 3 parts. The first part of the proposed classification is an anatomical description of the injury; it delivers the information whether injury is bony, ligamentous, or a combined one. The second part is the classification of nerve function, spinal stenosis, and spinal instability. The last part is optional and denotes radiological examination which is used to define injury type. Several letters have been used for simplicity to deliver the largest amount of information. And a treatment algorithm based on the proposed classification is suggested.
Conclusion:
The ABCD classification system is proposed for simplification. However further evaluation of this classification is needed.
Related Concept Videos
Cellular Injury II: Classification
Overview of the Axial Skeleton
The axial skeleton of the...
Articulations of the Vertebral Column
The Spinal Cord
Spinal Nerves: Plexus I
The Cervical Plexus
The cervical plexus, formed by the anterior rami of the first four...
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management

