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Primary prevention of periodontitis: managing gingivitis
Iain L C Chapple1, Fridus Van der Weijden, Christof Doerfer
1Periodontal Research Group & MRC Centre for Immune Regulation Birmingham Dental School, Birmingham, UK.
Journal of Clinical Periodontology
|February 3, 2015
Summary
Effective periodontitis prevention relies on daily plaque removal. Interdental brushes are recommended for interproximal cleaning, and adjunctive chemical agents may benefit those with gingivitis.
Area of Science:
- Periodontology
- Preventive Dentistry
- Oral Health
Background:
- Periodontitis is a prevalent, irreversible inflammatory disease causing tooth loss and systemic issues.
- It affects over 11% of adults, significantly impacting quality of life.
- Prevention and treatment are possible, but require patient behavior change and effective plaque control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review evidence on primary periodontitis prevention by examining gingivitis control.
- Evaluated mechanical plaque control (toothbrushing, interdental cleaning), chemical plaque control, and anti-inflammatory approaches.
Main Methods:
- Two meta-reviews on mechanical plaque removal.
- Two systematic reviews on chemical plaque control and anti-inflammatory agents.
Main Results:
- Professional plaque control and reinforced oral hygiene reduce inflammation and plaque.
- Rechargeable power toothbrushes offer slight additional benefits.
- Interdental brushes (IDBs) are preferred for interproximal cleaning; flossing is limited to healthy sites.
- No robust evidence supports anti-inflammatory agents for gingivitis.
- Brushing twice daily for 2+ minutes with fluoride toothpaste is recommended.
- Once-daily interdental cleaning is advised for gingivitis patients, with potential benefits from adjunctive chemical agents.
Conclusions:
- Mechanical plaque removal, especially with interdental brushes, is crucial for periodontitis prevention.
- Adjunctive chemical plaque control may benefit patients with gingivitis.
- Further research may be needed on optimal brushing times for periodontitis patients.
Keywords:
NSAIDsadverse effectsanti-inflammatory agentschemical plaque controlflossgingivitisinter-dental brushesinter-dental cleaningmanual toothbrushesmechanical plaque controlmeta-analysismeta-revieworal hygiene instructionperiodontitispower toothbrushesprimary preventionsafetysecondary preventionself-administered care regimessystematic reviewwater irrigatorwood sticksMore Related Videos
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