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Related Experiment Video

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Weekly multimodal MRI follow-up of two multiple sclerosis active lesions presenting a transient decrease in ADC.

Salem Hannoun1, Jean-Amédée Roch2, Francoise Durand-Dubief1

  • 1CREATIS - CNRS UMR 5220 & INSERM U1044, Université Claude Bernard-Lyon1 Villeurbanne, France ; Service de Neurologie A & EDMUS Coordinating Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer Bron, France.

Brain and Behavior
|February 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In multiple sclerosis (MS) active lesions, a transient decrease in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) may indicate a hyper-acute inflammatory stage with increased blood flow, though it is rarely detected.

Keywords:
Apparent diffusion coefficientdiffusion tensor imaginglesionsmultiple sclerosisperfusionrelative cerebral blood volume

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Multiple Sclerosis Pathophysiology
  • Inflammatory Demyelination

Background:

  • Blood-brain barrier disruption in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions is typically linked to inflammation and increased diffusivity.
  • Reduced diffusivity in active MS lesions is observed less frequently.
  • Understanding early lesion development is crucial for MS management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the development and natural history of contrast-enhanced lesions in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients.
  • To investigate changes in diffusion and perfusion during early lesion formation.
  • To correlate imaging findings with inflammatory processes in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Weekly MRI scans including diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), perfusion imaging, FLAIR, and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging.
  • Study included five treatment-naive, recently diagnosed RRMS patients.
  • Analysis focused on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV).

Main Results:

  • All patients exhibited increased ADC in lesions over time.
  • One patient showed numerous active lesions on ADC maps.
  • A transient ADC decrease was observed in two lesions coinciding with initial gadolinium enhancement, alongside increased rCBV.

Conclusions:

  • The transient ADC decrease in early MS lesions is likely brief and therefore infrequently detected.
  • This finding suggests a hyper-acute inflammatory phase associated with increased reactive perfusion.
  • Early detection of these changes may offer insights into MS lesion dynamics.