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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Ophthalmic drug delivery faces major limitations due to poor absorption across the corneal membrane. This process is primarily driven by diffusion and is influenced by two main factors: the physicochemical properties of the drug and tear drainage. Most ophthalmic drugs, such as pilocarpine, epinephrine, atropine, and local anesthetics, are weak bases. They are typically formulated at an acidic pH to enhance chemical stability. However, this leads to high ionization, reducing their ability to...
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DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
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Incremental Healthcare Service Utilization for Open-angle Glaucoma: A Population-Based Study.

Shiu-Dong Chung1, Jau-Der Ho, Herng-Ching Lin

  • 1*Department of Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City †Sleep Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital ‡Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Medical University Hospital §Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Medical University ∥School of Health Care Administration, Taipei Medical University ¶Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center #Department of Internal Medicine, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Journal of Glaucoma
|February 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Individuals with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) utilize significantly more healthcare services and incur higher costs. This includes both ophthalmologic and non-ophthalmologic care, highlighting the substantial burden of OAG on healthcare resources.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Health Services Research
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Open-angle glaucoma (OAG) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide.
  • Understanding healthcare resource utilization in OAG is crucial for healthcare planning and resource allocation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare healthcare service utilization between individuals with and without open-angle glaucoma (OAG).
  • To analyze differences in ophthalmologic and non-ophthalmologic healthcare costs and visits.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based study using Taiwan's National Health Insurance database.
  • 2204 subjects with OAG were matched with 2204 controls without OAG.
  • Healthcare resource utilization was assessed over a 1-year period, including outpatient visits, inpatient days, and associated costs.

Main Results:

  • OAG subjects demonstrated significantly higher utilization of ophthalmologic services, with more outpatient visits and higher costs compared to controls.
  • Non-ophthalmologic service utilization was also significantly greater in OAG subjects, including more outpatient visits and higher costs.
  • Overall, OAG subjects incurred approximately double the total healthcare costs compared to the control group.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with open-angle glaucoma exhibit significantly higher utilization of all healthcare services.
  • OAG imposes a substantial economic burden on healthcare systems due to increased service utilization and costs.