[Precise minimally invasive surgery of lower lumbar spine]

The fast development of minimally invasive spine surgery in recent years is based on the advance of endoscopic microsurgery techniques, computer science and medical imaging, as well as the growing concerning of medical humanities. The concept of minimally invasive and precise targeting therapy has been penetrating into various areas of surgery, and minimal tissue damage and fewer complications are the new directions of minimally invasive spine surgery. In this article we review some advances in precise spinal surgery including percutaneous lumbar discectomy, microendoscopic discectomy, computer-assisted orthopedic surgery and robot surgery.