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A fractional-order model for MINMOD Millennium
Yongjin Cho1, Imbunm Kim1, Dongwoo Sheen2
1Department of Mathematics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea.
Abstract:
MINMOD Millennium has been widely used to estimate insulin sensitivity (SI) in glucose-insulin dynamics. In order to explain the rheological behavior of glucose-insulin we attempt to modify MINMOD Millennium with fractional-order differentiation of order α ∈ (0, 1]. We show that the new modified model has non-negative, bounded solutions and a stable equilibrium point. Quasi-optimal fractional orders and parameters are estimated by using a nonlinear weighted least-squares method, the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, and the fractional Adams-Bashforth-Moulton method for several subjects (normal subjects and type 2 diabetic patients). The numerical results confirm that SI is significantly lower in diabetics than in non-diabetics. In addition, we explain the new factor (τ(1 - α)) determining glucose tolerance and the relation between SI and τ(1 - α).
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