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Related Concept Videos

Ovarian Cycle01:27

Ovarian Cycle

2.9K
The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle...
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Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

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The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH...
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Gonadal and Placental Hormones01:24

Gonadal and Placental Hormones

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The gonads, namely the testes in males and the ovaries in females, are pivotal in producing gonadal hormones that orchestrate the intricate processes of sexual development and reproduction.
In males, testosterone is the primary gonadal androgen. It plays a central role in the maturation of male reproductive organs — the penis and testes. Additionally, testosterone is instrumental in the development of secondary sexual characteristics — a deep voice as well as facial and pubic hair...
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Secretory Phase01:19

Secretory Phase

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The secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, spanning from day 14 to 28 in a typical 28-day cycle, is a period of significant physiological changes in the female reproductive system. This phase commences immediately after ovulation and is characterized by the preparation of the endometrium for potential embryo implantation.
Following ovulation, the corpus luteum, a temporary endocrine structure, produces progesterone and estrogens. These hormones stimulate the growth and coiling of endometrial...
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Proliferative Phase01:20

Proliferative Phase

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The proliferative phase typically occurs after menstruation and lasts between 6 to 13 days in a standard 28-day cycle. This phase involves the reconstruction of the endometrium, guided by estrogen produced by the developing ovarian follicle.
Notably, the stratum basale, the basal layer of the endometrium, including the basal parts of the uterine glands, remains unaffected by menstruation. Stem cells in this layer undergo mitosis, regenerating the stratum functionalis and thickening the...
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Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

6.1K
The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 15, 2025

Isolation of Primary Human Decidual Cells from the Fetal Membranes of Term Placentae
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Isolation of Primary Human Decidual Cells from the Fetal Membranes of Term Placentae

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BECN1, corpus luteum function, and preterm labor.

Thomas R Gawriluk1, Edmund B Rucker

  • 1a University of Kentucky ; Department of Biology ; Lexington , KY USA.

Autophagy
|February 4, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Beclin 1 (BECN1) is crucial for progesterone synthesis in mice, as its deletion in luteal cells impairs pregnancy maintenance. This study reveals BECN1

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Progesterone is essential for mammalian pregnancy maintenance.
  • Beclin 1 (BECN1) plays a role in cellular processes like autophagy.
  • The corpus luteum is the primary site of progesterone synthesis during pregnancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Beclin 1 (BECN1) in progesterone synthesis and pregnancy maintenance.
  • To determine the impact of BECN1 deletion on luteal cell function.
  • To explore the relationship between BECN1, autophagy, and steroidogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Conditional deletion of Becn1 in progesterone-synthesizing cells of murine corpus luteum.
  • Assessment of progesterone synthesis and pregnancy outcomes in knockout mice.
Keywords:
Beclin 1corpus luteumpregnancypreterm birthsteroidogenesis

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  • Analysis of lipid storage and receptor feedback mechanisms (PRLR, LHCGR).
  • Evaluation of autophagic flux and BECN1's role in the PI3K complex.

    • Main Results:

    • Conditional deletion of Becn1 in luteal cells led to reduced progesterone synthesis.
    • Mice with Becn1 deletion failed to maintain pregnancy.
    • Lipid storage and PRLR/LHCGR feedback were negatively affected by Becn1 deletion.
    • Autophagic flux was reduced in Becn1-deficient luteal cells, indicating impaired autophagy.

    Conclusions:

    • Becn1 is essential for steroid production in murine luteal cells.
    • BECN1 is critical for maintaining pregnancy, likely through its role in autophagy and steroidogenesis.
    • Disruption of BECN1 impacts key cellular functions in the corpus luteum, affecting reproductive success.