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Related Concept Videos

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction01:29

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction

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Intervertebral disc herniation refers to the displacement of the nucleus pulposus (the gel-like inner core of the disc) through a tear or weakened area in the annulus fibrosus (the outer fibrous ring). The displaced disc material extends beyond the normal boundaries of the disc space and may compress or irritate nearby spinal nerve roots or, less commonly, the spinal cord.Etiology and Risk FactorsHerniation commonly results from degeneration, in which aging reduces disc hydration and...
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Degenerative Disc Disease I: Introduction01:27

Degenerative Disc Disease I: Introduction

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Degenerative disc disease is a chronic condition in which intervertebral discs gradually lose structure and function. It is not infectious or autoimmune; rather, it results from age-related biochemical and mechanical changes, influenced by genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors.Structure and Function of DiscsThe spine contains 23 intervertebral discs that absorb load, distribute forces, maintain spacing, and allow flexibility. Each disc consists of a nucleus pulposus, a gel-like core...
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Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology

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The symptoms of degenerative disc disease arise from a combination of mechanical compression, vascular compromise, and biochemical inflammation, which together disrupt nerve function and produce pain.Mechanical CompressionDisc degeneration reduces height and elasticity, predisposing to herniation of the nucleus pulposus, a major cause of radicular pain. Herniations may be protrusion (bulging with intact annulus), extrusion (nucleus extends beyond disc but remains connected), or sequestration...
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Is there any use? Validity of 4D rasterstereography compared to EOS 3D X-ray imaging in patients with degenerative disk disease.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Multilevel Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Degenerative Lumbar Disc Disease with Instability
11:30

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Lumbar disc replacement: update.

F C Heider1, H M Mayer, C J Siepe

  • 1Schön Klinik München Harlaking, Munich, Germany - FHeider@schoen-kliniken.de.

Journal of Neurosurgical Sciences
|February 5, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Total lumbar disc replacement (TDR) offers motion preservation for degenerative disc disease, but insurance barriers hinder its use. This review clarifies TDR indications and outcomes for low back pain treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Spinal Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Lumbar fusion is a standard treatment for degenerative disc disease unresponsive to conservative care.
  • Fusion complications and patient demands for motion preservation have driven the development of total lumbar disc replacement (TDR).
  • Despite advancements, US insurer non-reimbursement has decreased TDR adoption globally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review indications for TDR in degenerative disc disease without instability or deformity.
  • To identify factors influencing TDR outcomes.
  • To define TDR's role in managing low back pain (LBP).

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of total lumbar disc replacement (TDR) technologies and outcomes.
  • Analysis of factors affecting TDR success.
  • Evaluation of TDR's place in current low back pain treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • TDR presents an alternative to fusion, aiming to preserve motion and avoid fusion-related complications.
  • Factors influencing TDR outcomes require further elucidation.
  • Insurance reimbursement issues significantly impact TDR utilization.

Conclusions:

  • TDR is a viable motion-preserving option for specific degenerative disc disease cases.
  • Clearer guidelines on indications and outcomes are needed to support TDR adoption.
  • Addressing insurance and cost concerns is crucial for TDR's future.