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Related Concept Videos

Chirality in Nature02:30

Chirality in Nature

18.6K
Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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Chirality02:25

Chirality

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Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
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Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur02:30

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Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
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Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Point, Line and Plane Defects01:25

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A perfect crystal, in theory, has a uniform structure with the same unit cell and lattice points throughout. However, any deviation from this periodic arrangement is known as an imperfection or defect. These defects can be categorized into three types: point, line, and plane defects.Point defects occur when there is a deviation from the ideal due to missing atoms, displaced atoms, or additional atoms. These imperfections might occur due to imperfect packing during crystallization or because of...
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Prochirality02:05

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The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
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Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects01:26

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects

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Schottky defects arise when some lattice points in a crystal, such as those in NaCl, remain unoccupied, creating lattice vacancies without disturbing the overall electrical neutrality of the crystal. This defect is common in ionic crystals where the positive and negative ions are similar in size, as seen in sodium chloride and cesium chloride. The presence of Schottky defects enables the crystal to conduct electricity to a small extent through an ionic mechanism. Electric fields cause nearby...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Theoretical Calculation and Experimental Verification for Dislocation Reduction in Germanium Epitaxial Layers with Semicylindrical Voids on Silicon
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Theoretical Calculation and Experimental Verification for Dislocation Reduction in Germanium Epitaxial Layers with Semicylindrical Voids on Silicon

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Dislocation-induced chirality of semiconductor nanocrystals.

Anvar S Baimuratov1, Ivan D Rukhlenko, Yurii K Gun'ko

  • 1ITMO University , 197101 Saint Petersburg, Russia.

Nano Letters
|February 5, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals that semiconductor nanowires possess inherent optical activity due to chiral dislocations. Assembling these into supercrystals allows for tunable optical properties, advancing nanomaterial applications.

Keywords:
Circular dichroismintraband absorptionnanoparticlesoptical activity

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Last Updated: Apr 17, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Optics

Background:

  • Optical activity is a crucial phenomenon in various natural and synthetic materials with diverse applications.
  • Altering optical activity in existing materials is challenging, necessitating the development of new artificial active media.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically demonstrate inherent optical activity in semiconductor nanowires.
  • To explore the creation of controllable optically active nanomaterials.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of optical activity in semiconductor nanowires.
  • Investigation of chiral dislocations as the source of optical activity.
  • Modeling of quantum supercrystals formed by assembling nanowires.

Main Results:

  • Semiconductor nanowires exhibit inherent optical activity induced by naturally occurring chiral dislocations.
  • Assembled nanowires form optically active quantum supercrystals.
  • The optical activity of these supercrystals can be controlled via size quantization effects.

Conclusions:

  • Chiral dislocations in semiconductor nanowires provide a novel route to inherent optical activity.
  • Quantum supercrystals offer tunable optical properties for advanced applications.
  • This research paves the way for new semiconducting nanomaterials in nanotechnology, chemistry, biology, and medicine.