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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
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List memory in young adults with language learning disability.

Li Sheng, Courtney T Byrd, Karla K McGregor

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    |February 6, 2015
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Young adults with language learning disability (LLD) show lower accurate verbal recall but intact memory processes compared to peers. Their memory limitations appear to be a matter of capacity, not qualitative function.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
    • Linguistics

    Background:

    • Language learning disability (LLD) affects language processing and may impact cognitive functions.
    • Verbal memory is crucial for academic and daily functioning.
    • Understanding memory deficits in LLD is essential for targeted interventions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the verbal memory limitations in young adults diagnosed with language learning disability (LLD).
    • To compare recall performance between individuals with LLD and typically developing peers.

    Main Methods:

    • A Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) list recall experiment was conducted with 16 young adults with LLD and 34 controls.
    • Participants recalled 12-item word lists designed to elicit semantic, phonological, or dual-convergence false memories.
    • Veridical recall (presented words) and false recall (non-presented critical items) were analyzed by list type and position.

    Main Results:

    • The LLD group exhibited significantly fewer veridical recalls than the control group.
    • Both groups showed similar effects of list type and position on veridical recall.
    • False recall rates for critical items were comparable between groups and varied predictably by list type.

    Conclusions:

    • Young adults with LLD possess verbal memory limitations primarily characterized by reduced accurate recall capacity.
    • The qualitative patterns of memory recall in LLD are similar to those of unaffected individuals.
    • The findings suggest that memorial processes themselves are intact in LLD, with the deficit lying in memory capacity.