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Related Concept Videos

Hypoxia01:23

Hypoxia

2.7K
Hypoxia is a medical condition characterized by an inadequate oxygen supply to body tissues. It typically manifests as a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucosae, especially in fair-skinned individuals, when hemoglobin (Hb) saturation drops below 75%.
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...
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Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

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Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
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Oxygen Transport in the Blood01:27

Oxygen Transport in the Blood

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Hemoglobin (Hb) is a crucial molecule in the human body, consisting of four polypeptide chains, each bound to an iron-containing heme group. This unique structure enables hemoglobin to bind to oxygen, with each molecule capable of combining with four molecules of oxygen, leading to rapid and reversible oxygen loading. When fully loaded with oxygen, it is called oxyhemoglobin, while hemoglobin that has released oxygen is called reduced hemoglobin or deoxyhemoglobin. As hemoglobin binds oxygen,...
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Delivery of In Vivo Acute Intermittent Hypoxia in Neonatal Rodents to Prime Subventricular Zone-derived Neural Progenitor Cell Cultures
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Decrease in circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells during short-term systemic normobaric hypoxia.

Atilla Yilmaz1, Josi Ratka2, Ilonka Rohm2

  • 1Internal Medicine II, Elisabeth Hospital Schmalkalden, Schmalkalden, Germany.

European Journal of Clinical Investigation
|February 6, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High altitude hypoxia significantly decreases plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and increases pro-inflammatory cytokines. This suggests pDCs may be recruited to tissues during hypoxic conditions.

Keywords:
Dendritic cellsimmune systemnormobaric hypoxia

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Altitude Physiology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • High altitude exposure alters the immune system, with known changes in IL-6, hs-CRP, NK cells, and T cells.
  • The specific impact of hypoxia on dendritic cells (DCs) remained uninvestigated prior to this study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of normobaric hypoxia on circulating myeloid DCs (mDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs).
  • To analyze serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α during hypoxic exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Twelve healthy volunteers underwent 6.5 hours of normobaric hypoxia simulating 5500m.
  • Blood samples were analyzed using flow cytometry for mDCs and pDCs.
  • Serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels were measured. In vitro hypoxia experiments were also conducted.

Main Results:

  • A significant 45% decrease in circulating pDCs was observed during hypoxia (P=0.001), while mDCs showed no significant change.
  • Serum levels of TNF-α increased by 340% (P=0.03) and IL-6 by 286% (P=0.002).
  • In vitro hypoxia did not alter DC levels, ruling out direct cytotoxicity. Stromal-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) increased, potentially aiding pDC tissue recruitment.

Conclusions:

  • Hypoxia leads to a significant reduction in circulating pDCs, accompanied by a pro-inflammatory response.
  • The observed decrease in pDCs may be attributed to enhanced tissue recruitment, warranting further investigation.